and the laterals are trained along it. Another method is 

 to have two or three horizontal wires at intervals of 

 eighteen inches to three feet. Whatever system of 

 training is used the general principles of pruning are the 

 same, as follows: There are two main facts which 

 must be constantly kept in mind in pruning grapes: 

 the first is that the fruit is borne only on shoots of the cur- 

 rent year's growth, springing from wood or canes of the 

 previous year's growth; the other is that the grape vine, 

 under culture, naturally attempts to produce several 

 times the number of bunches that it can fully mature. 

 This being the case, to get well ripened and large grapes 

 every year you should prune as follows: 



First Pruning: When planting cut back from two 

 to three eyes, and when these sprout train up the one 

 or two strongest to the support provided, removing the 

 others. 



Second Pruning: The following spring, in February 

 or March, leave only the best cane and cut back to three 

 or four eyes. 



Third Pruning: At the point of the first support 

 save only two canes; train these along the support; 

 and remove all others. These "arms," branching from 

 the main stem, furnish the frame from which the next 

 season's bearing shoots will grow. 



Fourth Pruning: The second spring, in February 

 or March, cut these arms to eight or ten buds, for 

 otherwise altogether too much fruit would set. The 

 shoots which will sprout from these in the early 

 spring are allowed to hang down instead of being tied 

 to a support, and on these the fruit is produced. 



Fifth Pruning: In the third spring, February or 

 March, of the new canes on the arms trained to each 

 wire of the trellis, only the two nearest the main trunk 

 are saved. These are cut back to six to ten buds each; 

 everything else should be cut away clean. The new 

 canes are then tied to the wire. 



Sixth Pruning: A similar pruning should b^given 

 every winter or in the succeeding spring, except that 

 every two or three years two new canes from the main 

 trunk may be saved at each wire, so that the old "arms," 



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