LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 



Steam drifters at Fraserburgh Frontispiece 



FACING FAGE 



Prints showing evolution of trawl (from Duhamel and Diderot) . . i6 

 Loading herring for export . . . . . . . .17 



Modern deep-sea steam trawler longitudinal section .... 22 



„ „ plans 22 



Plans of otter-trawl. Plan ; side view, attachment of net to otter-board ; 

 and " bobbins " attached to centre part of foot-rope for use on 



rough ground .......... 23 



Steam trawler-drifter, longitudinal section 24 



„ „ plans ........ 24 



Sailing trawler, first class ........ 25 



Sailing trawler, second class ........ 25 



A Banff steam drifter ......... 30 



Fifie boats at sea .......... 31 



Map of trawling grounds frequented by British trawlers ... 32 



Map of North Sea fishing grounds ....... 38 



Scottish lasses are extensively employed in the preparation of herring 



for the Continental market ....... 48 



Shaking the herring from the nets ....... 49 



Development of a flat-fish (the plaice) ..... 58-59 



Food of young plaice (cockles) ....... 60 



Food of young flounder (Scrobicularia and Mactra, the " Henpens " 



of the Lancashire fishermen, together with cockles) ... 60 



Food of plaice (Schizopod Crustacea — Mysis) ..... 61 



Plankton which has served as food for mackerel. The Crustacea are 

 young hermit crabs, Nephrops second stage and prawns of the 



genus Palinurus ......... 61 



Demersal eggs of the herring on a frond of seaweed (Laminaria) . . 96 



Plankton containing fish-eggs. The large egg is that of a plaice. The 



smaller eggs are of cod and whiting. The copepod is a Calanus . 96 



Eggs of the shellfish Turritella. Seen on the shore at low tide and taken 



by shore fishermen to be the spawn of sea fish .... 97 



Eggs or spawn of the squid. The larvae can be seen inside the egg- 

 capsules. This spawn is frequently taken in trawl nets in the 



Irish Sea and is taken by many fishermen to be the spawn of sea fish 9 7 



The herring-buss fleet in Brassa Sound, 1750 104 



ThePe/AawandCaWeye^buBsesoffBrassa, 14th July, 1750 . . . 105 



View of the Fraserburgh herring fleet . . . . . .126 



