22 THE SEA FISHERIES 



II. Auxiliary pump. 12. Engines. 13. Dynamo. 14. Cabin. 

 15 and 16. Chief and second engineers' quarters. 



The cost of building and equipment vary much, but a concrete 

 example of the state of affairs a few years ago may not be devoid 

 of interest. Such a vessel as that figured (see Figs. p. 22) would 

 have cost £9800 to build, and her fishing equipment, including 

 from iova to six trawl nets and six otter boards, £600. This vessel 

 usually travelled at 11 knots, and when so travelling consumed 

 about ii| tons of coal daily. The coal consumption during fishiag 

 operations amounted to about 10 tons daily. Her bunker accom- 

 modation was 235 tons. 



This trawler fished from January to March off the coast of 

 Morocco, the fishing voyages lasting twenty days, the catch being 

 preserved in ice and landed in a fresh condition, this being almost 

 without exception the British custom. Sixty tons of ice were 

 required on these voyages, and this sufficed for 35 tons of fish. 



From March to June the Iceland salt cod fishing was followed, 

 a class of fishing almost entirely in the hands of foreigners. The 

 duration of the voyages in this case was six weeks, this fishing 

 being followed by a three months' journey (from June to October) 

 to the Banks of Newfoundland, also for cod. For the salt cod 

 fishery 100 tons of salt were required, and in the fish room accom- 

 modation was found for 800 barrels, none being carried on deck. 

 From October to December steam trawling was carried on in the 

 English Channel and the Bay of Biscay, the fish being landed fresh 

 from ice. Such a trawler would cost (in 1909) about £9000 a year 

 to run. -The actual earnings of a vessel of this type are given from 

 ist February to the 3rd November :— 



Three voyages to Morocco . . . £2,808 



Iceland £2.280 



Newfoundland £3,040 



English Channel (six voyages) . . £2,570 



Total £10,704 



The otter trawl net is attached to the boards, on the bottom 

 by means of a very heavy foot-rope (G R) and above by the head- 

 line (H L), the latter taking the place of the beam in the older 

 beam-trawl. The head-line is much shorter than the foot-rope, 

 the latter curving out to a marked degree towards the taU-end of 

 the net. This deep curve is termed the " bosom." The lateral 

 portion of the net between the head-line and the foot-rope is the 

 wing. Inside the net a trap or pocket is inserted. The cod-end is 

 opened and fastened by the cod-line. 



