ADMINISTRATION 115 



species, including Sitka spruce, Western hemlock, 

 Engelmann spruce. Red fir, White fir, and Lodge- 

 pole pine. Kraft paper has been made and manu- 

 factured into suitcases, bags, wall coverings, twine, 

 and similar articles. Not only has the Forest 

 Products Laboratory brought into use species of 

 trees never before tried for paper making, but it 

 has also improved some of the old methods of 

 paper making to such an extent that the results 

 have been adopted by various large paper mills. 



Many strength tests are conducted with packing 

 boxes. The railroad companies of the United 

 States are paying annually claims amounting to 

 many millions of dollars because of goods damaged 

 in shipment. Much of the damage is preventable 

 through properly constructed boxes. Tests con- 

 ducted at the Laboratory have shown for carmed- 

 food boxes an increase in strength of 300 per cent, 

 by the use of four additional nails in each end of 

 the box. The results of these tests are being 

 rapidly adopted by manufacturers and canners. 



The dyeing principle of the Osage orange wood 

 was not used prior to the investigations conducted 

 by the Laboratory. The value of this material has 

 been so conclusively shown that about one million 



