Feeding Dairy (Jriltle 

 The group fed on the ration froni the wheat plant did the 

 poorest of all. Therefore this teaches us that wheat feed- 

 must be supplemented with feeds from other sources. 



It is pn)l)al)ly not worth while t<; try to make use of wheat 

 straw in feeding any kind of animal. 



THE MILLING OF WHEAT 



The main reason wheat is grown is to furnish flour for 

 human consumption. Wheat could not be grown economi- 

 cally as a feed for animals when there are plants such as 

 corn, oats and barley that can be grown to furnish feed. 

 People over the world demand white bread, consequently, 

 a great industry has been built up which furnishes white 

 flour for this purpose and we get the offal for feeding 

 animals. 



It takes about 274 pounds of wheat, four and one-half 

 bushels, to make a barrel, 196 pounds, of white flour. That 

 leaves us approximately 78 pounds of offal for animal feed. 

 This is about 71 per cent, extraction as it is called. During 

 the war this extraction was raised to about 73 per cent, 

 which decreased the amount of by-product available for feed- 

 ing during that time. The consumption of wheat in the 

 United States is about four and one-half bushels of wheat 

 per person per year, to say nothing of the flour that is milled 

 in this country and exported leaving the offal here. This 

 shows what an enormous quantity of wheat by-product there 

 is for our animals and what a factor it is in the feed supply. 



The offal or by-products from the milling of wheat con- 

 sists of wheat bran, standard wheat middlings, flour wheat 

 middlings, red dog flour, and low grade flour. The proces:= 

 in brief is this. The wheat is not ground but is run through 

 rolls that break, it. There are several of these pairs of rolls, 

 the rolls of each pair being somewhat closer together than 

 the pair preceding. After the wheat passes through each 

 pair some of the flour is taken out. Thus the manufacture 

 of wheat flour is a gradual reduction process until all of the 

 flour has finally been separated from the bran and middlings. 

 In war time not quite so close a separation of flour was 

 allowed, consequently "war grade" flour contained all the red 

 dog and low grade feeding flour and a higher percentage of 

 the wheat was thus utilized for human consumption. Patent 

 flour means flour from which all possible by-products have 

 been separated and is the highest grade of white flour made. 



Paffe One Hundred Twenty-nine 



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