Feeding Dairy Cattle 



gained in quantity. Japanese millet, or "billion dollar grass" 

 and "teosinte" are millets of little value. Where some millet 

 is indicated as a forage catch crop probably the best results 

 will be obtained by sticking to the "common" foxtail millet, 

 sowing it thickly and cutting it early. 



XXXI. The Oil Meals 

 Cottonseed, Linseed, Cocoanut and Soy Bean 



THE oil meals most used for feeding at the present time 

 ! are cottonseed oil meal, linseed oil meal, peanut oil 

 meal and copra oil meal. In connection with these it 

 is well to discuss some of the other by-products of these and 

 closely allied industries. We will first take up cottonseed 

 products. 



In May, 1918, the value of the by-products from cotton- 

 seed of an annual cotton crop of 11,500,000 bales was given 

 at $413,540,000. The oil from this cottonseed was valued 

 at $246,340,000; the meal was valued at $111,238,000; the 

 hulls and the linters would bring the remainder which 

 amounts to $55,873,000. These prices serve to indicate what 

 a tremendous business it is and also shows that the meal 

 represents only about one-third of the total value of the 

 cottonseed. 



In the preparation of cottonseed meal the first step is to 

 treat the seeds. The clean seeds then go to linter machines 

 and here most of the cotton which still clings to the seeds is 

 removed. The seeds are next hulled by passing them through 

 revolving disks in which knives are set and the seeds are 

 separated into the hulls and meats. The hulls are sold as 

 such by most oil mills, but may later be mixed with the 

 cottonseed meal for feeding. 



The meats or kernels are next treated to extract the oil. 

 The main process used in this is to cook the kernels with 

 Jive steam and then the oil is pressed out, the seeds being 

 kept hot during the pressing process. 



After the cottonseed cake comes out of the press it is 

 either broken up or ground up into a fine meal which we 

 recognize as cottonseed meal. This meal contains a certain 

 proportion of hulls and varies with the mill as to the amount 

 of hull mixed in with the meal, and it varies with the mill 

 whether the hulls are mixed in with the kernels before press- 

 ing, and thus become a part of the cake, or whether the cake 

 is pressed free from hulls and then the hulls added afterwards. 



Page One Hundred Thirty-six 



