TURDID^ — TUBBING : THE USHE8. 



245 



and lining of wings pale yellowish-buff, belly white, flanks ashy. A distinct white super- 

 ciliary stripe; lower eyelid white. Feathers of jugulum and sides with ashy tips; greater 

 wing-coverts tipped with whitish ; biU yellowish, upper mandible and tip of lower tinged 

 with dusky; feet pale brown. Wing 5.10; tail 4.10; tarsus 1.20; middle toe and claw 

 1.07. Lower California ; resembling a young robin, but quite distinct. 



T. ill'acus. (Lat. iliacus, relating to the flanks, which are red. Fig. 113.) Ked-winged 

 Theush. Upper parts hair-brown with an olive shade, darker on the head, paler on the 

 rump. Wing-quills deep brown; coverts and inner secondaries tipped with whitish. Tail 

 dark brown, the outer feather usually white-tipped. Lore blackish ; eyelids and superciliary 

 stripe whitish; auriculars streaked with light and dark brown. Thi-oat yellowish- white, 

 streaked with brownish-black ; breast and belly grayish- white ; lower taU-coverts whitish, 

 streaked with brown. Sides and under wing-coverts light red. Bill brownish-black, basal 

 half of lower mandible orange-yeUow ; iris brown ; feet flesh-colored. Sexes alike. Length 

 8.50; extent 14.00; wing 4.50; tail 3.50; bill 0.75; tarsus, or middle toe and claw, 1.15. 

 A European species, only N. American as occurring in Greenland. The upper parts are 

 almost exactly like a robin's ; the lower whitish, streaked with dusky, the sides of the body 

 and lining of the wings bright chestnut. 



T. nse'vlus. (Lat. neevius, spotted, varied ; neevus, a birth-mark. Fig. 117.) Varied 

 Theush. Oregon Robin. $, in summer: Entire upper parts dark slate-color, varying in 

 shade from a blackish to a plumbeous slate, in less perfect specimens with a shght olive tinge ; 

 wings and tail blackish, with more or less of plumbeous or olive shade, according to the age of 

 the quills ; wing-coverts, greater and 

 lesser, tipped with orangj-brown form- 

 ing two cross-bars, and quUls edged in 

 two' or three places with the same; 

 quills also white at base on the inner 

 webs, this marking not visible from the 

 outside; one or several of the lateral 

 tail-feathers tipped with white. A , 

 broad black collar across the breast, 

 mounting on the side of the neck and 

 head. Stripe behind the eye, lower 

 eyelid, and under parts orange-brown, 

 gradually giving way to white on the 

 lower belly; vent and orissum mixed 

 white, orange-brown, and plumbeous. 

 BUI black ; feet and claws duU yellow- 

 ish. Length 9.50-10.00; extent about 

 16.00; wing 5.00; tail 3.75; biU 0.80; 

 tarsus, or middle toe and claw, 1.25. 

 9 , in summer : Upper parts olivaceous- 

 plumbeous (almost exactly the shade of the common robin in winter) ; wings and tail scarcely 

 darker; the pectoral collar narrow, like the back in color; other under parts hke those of 

 the ^ , but duller, paler, and rather rusty than orange-brown, with more white on the lower 

 belly. Markings of head, tail, and wings exactly as in the male. Young : Like the adult ? . 

 Upper parts in many cases with a decided umber-brown wash. No speckled stage, like that 

 of the very young robin, has been observed, though August specimens have been examined. 

 In the young ^ , the black pectoral bar is at first indicated by interrupted blackish crescents 

 on individual feathers. Young 9 9 sometiines show scarcely a trace of the coUar. At 

 all ages, the markings of the head and wings are much the same. Pacific coast region, Alaska 



Fig. 117. — Varied Thrush (Turdus navius), nat. size, 

 nat. del. E. C.) 



(Ad. 



