SYLVICOLIB^ — SYLVICOLIN^ : TRUE WABBLERS. 301 



olivaceous, and the black interrupted and restricted. ? entirely different : Dull oUve-greenish, 

 ■with faint bluish shade, below pale soiled yellowish ; but recognizable by the white spot at base 

 of primaries, which, though it may be reduced to a mere speck, is nearly always evident, at 

 least on pushing aside the primary coverts ; no other wing-markings ; tail-blotches small or 

 obscure ; feet rather pale. Size of virens. Eastern U. S., abundant, in woodland, its range 

 closely coincident with that of virens. It is, however, rather a bird of brake and burn 

 than of high woods, at least in summer ; and nests in bushes, close to the ground. Eggs not 

 peculiar. A beautiful bird, the $ with black, white and blue in masses, thus resembling no 

 other, and the olive-colored ? as different as possible from her mate. 



118. D. cceru'lea. (Lat. cceruleus, cerulean, sky-blue.) Cerulean Warbler. Azure War- 

 bler. ^, adult : Entire upper parts sky-blue, the middle of the back streaked with black ; the 

 crown usually richer and also with dark markings. Below, pure white, streaked across the 

 breast and along the sides with dusky-blue — the breast-streaks inclining to form a short bar, 

 sometimes interrupted in the middle. Auriculars dusky; edges of eyelids and superciliary line 

 white. Wings blackish, much edged externally with the color of the back, the inner webs of 

 all the quOls, the outer webs of the inner secondaries, and two broad bars across the tips of the 

 greater and median coverts, white. Tail black, with much exterior edging of the color of the 

 back, all the feathers, except the middle pair, with small, white, subterminal spots on the inner 

 webs. Length 4.00-4.50; wing 2.66; tail 2.00 or less. ?, adult: Quite difierent. Upper 

 parts dull greenish, with more or less grayish-blue shade, the greenish brightest and purest on 

 the crown. Eyelids, line over eye, and entire under parts, whitish, more or less strongly over- 

 cast with dull greenish-yellow. Wings and tail dusky, the exterior edgings Qf the color of the 

 back; the bars, spots, and interior edgings white, as in the $. The female is curiously sim- 

 ilar to the same sex of D. ccerulescens, but in the latter the tail-spots are different ; there are no 

 white wing-bars, but instead there is a small whitish spot at the base of the outer primaries. 

 The autumnal plumage of the adults is said to differ in no wise from that of the spring. Young 

 males are much like the adult females, but less uniformly greenish-blue above and purer white 

 below, with evident blackish stripes on the interscapulars and sides of the head. The young 

 female resembles the adult of that sex, but is still greener above, with littleor no blue, and quite 

 buffy- yellowish below. When in full dress this is a perfect little beauty, there being something 

 peculiarly tasteful and artistic in the simple contrast of the snowy-white with the delicate azure- 

 blue, without any "warm'' color. Eastern U. S., rarely north to New England; west some- 

 times to the Eocky Mts. in the latitude of Colorado. One of the rarer species. Nest small 

 and neat, in fork of a bough 20-50 feet from the ground; eggs 4, creamy-white, heavily 

 blotched with reddish-brown, 0.60 X 0.47. 



119. D. corona'ta. (Lat. coronata, crowned ; corona, a crown. Pig. 165.) Yellow-rumped 

 Warbler. Yellow-crowned Warbler. Myrtle Bird. $, in spring: Slaty-blue, 

 streaked vrith black; below, white, breast and sides mostly 

 black, belly, and especially throat, pure white, immaculate; 

 rump, central a-own-patch, and sides of breast, sharply yellow, 

 there being thus foti/r definite yellow places ; sides of head 

 black ; eyelids and superciliary line white ; ordinary white 

 wing- bars and tail-blotches ; bill and feet black. ^ in winter, 

 and 9 in summer, similar, but slate-color less pure, or quite 

 brownish ; young birds are quite brown above, with a few 

 obscure streaks in the whitish of the under parts. It is im- 

 possible to specify the endless intermediate styles; but I never Fig. 165. —Yellow-rumped War- 



..,.., ,, J i 1 ^ .. h\ei, nat. size. (Ad nat. del. E. C.) 



saw a specimen without the yellow rump, and at least a trace 



of the other yellow marks ; these points therefore are diagnostic. (The only other obscure- 

 looking brownish warblers -with yellow rump are maculosa and tigrina, when young. Resem- 



