FBINGILLID^ : FINCHES, BUNTINGS, SPARROWS, ETC'' 355 



flesh-colored. In September, the black cap disappears; the general plumage changes to a 

 pale flaxen-brown above and whitey-brown below, with traces of the yellow, especially 

 about the head ; wings and tail much as in summer ; sexes then much alike : this con- 

 tinues until the following April or May. Length 4.80-5.20; extent 8.75-9.25; wing 2.75; 

 tail 2.00 ; 9 olivaceous above, including the crown ; below soiled yellowish, wings and tail 

 dusky, whitish-edged ; rather smaller than the ^ . 

 Young like the winter ? ; when very young, suf- 

 fused with fulvous, and the wings edged with tawny. 

 N. Am., especially the Eastern U. S. ; an abundant 

 and familiar species, conspicuous by its bright 

 colors, and plaintive lisping notes ; in the fall, 

 collects in large flocks, and so remains until the 

 breeding season ; irregularly migratory, but winters 

 as far north as New England ; feeds especially on 

 the seeds of the thistle and buttonwood ; flies in 

 an undulating course. Nest small, compact, buUt 

 of downy and other soft pliant substances, placed 



in a crotch ; eggs 4-6, faintly bluish-white, nor- j,.g 220. - Lawrence's Goldfinch, r«iuced. 



maUy unmarked, 0.65 X 0.50. (Altered from Audubon.) 



214. A. lawren'cii. (To G. N. Lawrence, of New York. Pig. 220.) Lawrence's Goldfinch. 

 ^, in summer : Gray, more or less tinged with yellowish, whitening on the belly and crissum ; 

 rump, a large breast-patch, and much of the back rich yellow ; crown, face, and chin black ; 

 wings black, variegated with yellow, most of the coverts being of this color, and the same 

 broadly edging the quills ; inner secondaries edged with hoary gray ; tail black, most of the 

 feathers with large square white spots on the inner webs and whitish edging of the outer ; biU 

 and feet flesh-color more or less obscured. The 9 resembles the ^, but there is no black on 

 the head, and the yellow places are not so bright ; yeUow of the back often wanting. (J ? , in 

 winter : The yellowish of the upper parts changed to olive-gray, but the yeUow of other parts 

 often as bright as in summer, and the black of the $'s head the same. Size of tristis, or 

 rather less ; an elegant species. California, Arizona, and New Mexico. General habits the 

 same as those of C. tristis; nest and eggs indistinguishable. 



215. A. psal'tria. (Gv. ^aXrpia, psaltria, a, \\itist. Pig. 221.) Akkansaw Goldfinch. ^, adult: 



Upper parts uniform olive-green, without any 

 black ; below yellow ; crown black, this not 

 extending below eyes; wings black, most of 

 the quills and the greater coverts white-tipped, 

 and the primaries white at base ; tail black, 

 the outermost three pairs of feathers with a 

 long rectangular white spot on the inner web. 

 9 and young similar, but not so bright, and 

 no black on the head ; sometimes, also, no 

 decided white spots on the tail. Length 4.25- 

 4.50 ; wing 2.30 ; tail 2.00. Plains to the 

 Pacific, U. S., southerly; N. at least to the 

 head-waters of the Platte. A pretty species, 



of the same habits as the common Goldfinch ; nest and eggs the same. Southward this fonn 

 passes directly into 



216. A. p. arizo'nse. (Lat., of Arizona.) Abizona Goldfinch. The upper parts mixed olive 

 and black in about equal amounts ; thus leading directly into 



217. A. p. mexica'nus. (Lat. Mexican. Fig. 222.) Mexican Goldfinch. The upper parts con- 



PiG. 221. 

 Andubon.) 



- Arkansaw Goldflndi, reduced. (After 



