ICTEBIDJE—IGTEBIN^: OBIOLES. 409 



ing, and its skill at the loom ; its elaborately fabricated and perfectly pensile nests swaying 

 from the tops of our shade-trees, which have one charm added when fired with such brilliancy 

 as the oriole brings to contrast with verdure. Eggs 4-6, nearly 1.00 X 0.65, thus rather 

 elongate ; ground color a shaded white, irregularly spotted, blotched, clouded and especially 

 scrawled with blackish-brown and other heavy surface colors, together with subdued shell- 

 markings. 



337. I. buVlocki. (To Wm. BuUock, of London. Fig. 256.) Bullock's Oriole. Adult <? : 

 Similarly black and orange, the orange invading the sides of the head and neck and the fore- 

 head, leaving only a narrow space on the throat, the lores, and a line through the eye, black ; 

 a large continuous white patch on the wing, formed by the middle and greater coverts. Larger 



- than the Baltimore. Length 8.00-8.50; extent 12.50-13.50 j wing 4.00; tail 3.40. ?: Olive- 

 ' gray, below whitish, all the fore parts of the body and head tinged with yellow ; the wings 

 dusky, with two white bars, but the tail and its under coverts quite yellowish. ? thus very 

 closely resembling the ? Baltimore, and more detailed description may be desirable. Larger: 

 length about 8.00; extent 12.00; wing 3.75; tail 3.25. Above olive-gray, becoming quite 

 gray on the rump, brightening into olive. Yellovi^ on nape, upper tail-coverts and taU. 

 Forehead, superciliary line, sides of head and neck, and large space on breast, bright yellow ; 

 lores and throat white. Other under parts grayish-white, tinged vrith yellow on the under tail- 

 coverts. Edge and lining of wing yellow; middle coverts broadly edged and tipped with 

 white ; greater coverts and quills less conspicuously edged. Young $ at first like the ? , soon, 

 however, showing black and orange ; in one stage with a black throat patch. Western U. S., 

 in woodland, abundant, replacing the Baltimore, to which it is so closely allied, and with which 

 it corresponds in habits and manners. 



338. I. cuculla'tus. (Lat. eueullatus, wearing the cuculla,, a kind of hood or cowl.) Hooded 

 Oriole. Adult $ ■ Orange and black. Greneral color orange; from rich chrome yellow to 

 flame-color. Middle of back (scapulars and interscapulars) black. A black mask, embracing 

 eyes, a narrow frontal line, and patch on chin, cheeks, and throat. Wings black, with white 

 edging of the quills and coverts. Tail black, some or all of the feathers usually with narrow 

 whitish tips. Bill and feet blue-black, the former extremely slender and somewhat decurved, 

 0.80; tarsus 0.90. Length 8.00; extent 10.50; vring 8.30; tail 8.50-4.00, thus longer than 

 wings ; the feathers narrow and lanceolate, the outermost an inch or so shorter than the central 

 pair ; such length, narrowness, and extreme graduation of the tail being a strong character. 

 9, adult: Above, dull grayish-olive; tail and under parts dull yellowish; vrings dusky, the 

 quills and coverts edged vrith duU white. The ? thus resembles other species, but the long 

 slender graduated tail and attenuated decurved bUl are diagnostic. Fairly smaller than the ^. 

 Young $ : At first like ? , but bill pale at base below. Various intermediate states during 

 progress to maturity ; sometimes the black dorsal band interrupted by yellowish-gray, and the 

 general orange obscured with the same. A frequent condition, when the general plumage is 

 like that of the 9 , is to have a black frontlet and gorget, like I. spurius under the same 

 circumstances. Southern Texas, New Mexico, Arizona and Cahfomia, chiefly near the Mexican 

 border. Nest woven like that of other orioles, very substantial and durable ; in places where 

 the Spanish moss grows, it is usually made of this material, and placed in a truss of the same. 

 Eggs 3-4, sometimes 5, varying from 0.80 to 0.90 long by 0.60 broad, usually quite pointed at 

 both ends ; color white, with the usual scrawling. In the Lower Kio G-rande valley this is the 

 commonest oriole in some places. 



339. !• pariso'rum. (To the brothers Paris.) Black-and-yellow Oriole. Paris' Oriole. 

 Adult $ : Black and clear yeUow. Below from the breast, rump, and upper tail-coverts, 

 lesser, middle and under wing-coverts, both above and below, and basal portions of all the 

 tail-feathers, except the central ones, clear yellow ; greater vring-coverts tipped, inner quills 

 edged, with white. Head, neck, breast, and back, black. On the tail, the yellow occupies the 



