488 



SYSTEM A TIC SYNOPSIS. — PICABI^ — PICIFOBMES. 



AnaLysis of Species, 



Belly reddening ; no yellow about Lejul ; J whole crown red ; $ nape red carolinus 450 



Belly yellowing ; (f crown-spot red ; 5 no red on head. 



Front and nape yellow; rump entirely white ; tail almost entirely l)lack av/rifrons 451 



No yellow on head ; rump and tail much barred with black and white wopygialis 452 



450. C. caroli'nus. (Of Carolina. Pig. 339.) Ked-belllbd Woodpecker. Whole crown and 

 nape scarlet in the ^ ; nape only so in the ? . Sides of head, and under parts, grayish- white, 

 usually with a yellow shade, reddening on the helly ; tail hlaek, one or two outer feathers 

 white-harred ; inner web of central feath- 

 ers white with black spots, outer web of 

 the same black with a white space next , WS\\ 

 the shaft for most of its length; white ^^liX^v^, 

 predominating on the. rump. Bill and feet "^^^^^%^ .^^rmm 

 dusky plumbeous. Iris red. Large ; length ^^^^^^V^W^i ^^^- ^SMi 

 nearer lO.OOthan 9.00; extent 16.50-17.50; ^H!am\,«\ 

 wing 5.00-5.50; bill over i;00;- 9 smaU- ^™jra^»wi\- \\i\VM\ Wm^ 

 er. Varies much in size ; Southern speci- ^B^WM;'"'^'y^\y> Iwiu^ 

 mens smaller than Northern. Eastern ^sHk^lw^^v^^raBPiv'' 

 U. S., somewhat southerly, rarely N. to ^^^^^/M^ »V^i\W^ " 

 New England, and Canada West ; W. to ^K\|^li&|i^fe'V\\fc[||iJA^B 

 the Rocky Mts. ; Texas ; common south- ^^y7*»^v!|*^ijTO>v'H7MJffi\M 

 erly, where resident, less so northerly, I^Kk^ I^^I^^NVi'ilJwP"^* ™ 

 where migratory. Eggs 4-6, 1.00 X 0.87. ^ ^^ y^BflBllJ)™^ 



451. C. au'rifrons. (Lat. aurum, gold; frons, ^^^a^^^^P^^''iw™'! 

 forehead.) Yellow - fronted Wood- ^^^aB^^wrw^Y^^^^M 

 PECKER. Somewhat similar to the last: ^^s?MT'^^^'"5^iffl 

 belly yellowish, not reddish ; red of head ii V^^^^^llltk^>~^'4i 

 in ^ confined to a crown-patch, in 9 J|^^^^^^g^||||C] l( ' 

 wanting. Forehead and nasal plumes ^ "^^ WJWH JtMl Vil 

 golden-yellow ; nape with a golden, orange, ^ ^ '^^BW'Jp'tt 1', lfl( ^1 [ l|l ft : 

 or reddish band (in both se.'^es, besides the fig. 339. — Red-bellied Woodpecker, reduced. (Shep- 

 searlet crown-patch of the <J). Ladder- pard del. Nichols so.) 



rungs of back narrow, numerous, and distinct. Head and under parts clear ashy-gray, very 

 different from the smoky-gray of C. uropygialis, the belly yellowish, the flanks and crissum 

 whitish, varied with black. Upper tail-coverts white, not barred. Middle tail-feathers entirely 

 black ; outermost not entirely barred ; next black or only touched with white. BiU and feet 

 bluish-black. Iris red. Length 9.50-10.50 ; extent 16.50-17.50; wing 5.00-5.50 ; tail 3.25- 

 3.75. 9 differs as said. Younger Distinctively like the adult ; nearly all the crown bronzy- 

 red ; nasal plumes not yellow ; nape dull yellowish ; a few thin streaks of dusky on breast. 

 Texas and southward ; very abundant in suitable localities on the Lower Eio Grande. Habits 

 not peculiar. Eggs 4-6, 1.00 X 0.80. 



452. C. uropygia'lis. (Gr. ovptmiywv, ouropugion, Lat. uropygium, the rump; banded in this 

 species, not white as in awrifrons.') Gila Woodpecker. Saguaro Woodpecker. Plead 

 all around and entire under parts fulvous-gray, with fi-ont and nape not notably different, the 

 middle (if the belly yellowish, the flanks and crissum whitish with black bars and cordate spots ; 

 middle of crown crimson in J. Back, rump, upper tail-coverts, wing-coverts, and inner quills 

 closely and regularly banded with black and white, latter not pure on dorsal region. Primaries 

 blackish, not regularly barred or spotted like the inner quills, but Slightly white-tipped and 

 -edged, and vnth large white blotches at base, of irregular shapes and tending to resolve into 

 sets of smaller spots. Middle pair of tail-feathers black, with long white shaft-space on outer 



