TETBAONIB^—OBONTOPHORINJE: PABTBIBGES OB QUAIL. 593 



as in the $ ; the hreast is olive-gray. The changes of plumage are parallel with those of L. 

 gambeli. Lower portions of California and Oregon; E. nearly to the Colorado Eiver; abun- 

 dant. A fine species, entirely distinct from the next, but habits and manners in all respects 

 the same; replaces X. gambeli westward. Eggs speckled, as in the next. 



576. L. gam'bell. (To Wm. Gambel. Pig. 410.) Gambel's Partridge. Arizona Quail. 

 $ : Without wliite loral line ; forehead black with whitish lines ; occiput chestnut ; nuchal and 

 cervical feathers with dark shaft lines, but few dai'k edgings or none, aud no white speckling. 

 General color of upper parts clear ash, the edging of the inner quills white. Fore-breast like 

 the back ; other under parts whitish, the middle of the belly with a large jet-black patch ; sides 

 rich purplish-chestnut, with sharp white stripes ; vent, flanks and crissum white with dusky 

 streaks. Bill black; iris brown. Besides lacking the definite head-markings, the 9 wants the 

 black abdominal area, where the feathers are whitisli with dark lengthwise touches ; crest dark 

 brown, not recurved, and fewer-feathered than that of the cock. Top of head grayish-brown, 

 nearly uniform from bill to nape ; throat grayish-white with slight dark pencilling. Chicks, 

 in the down ; Bill above reddish, nearly white below ; feet dull flesh-color. Head dingy 

 yellowish, with a large brown spot on the occiput, a few black, white-streaked feathers on 

 crown, and the crest sprouting in a week or two. Upper parts grayish-brown mottled with 

 black spots, and conspicuously striped with white lines. Outer webs of the sprouting quills 

 marked with blackish and whitish. Throat white ; other under parts narrowly barred with 

 black and tawny-white, striped lengthwise with pure -white. Sprouting tail-feathers like the 

 primaries. Pullets, quarter-grown, 6-7 inches long: Leaden-gray, becoming tawny on the 

 wings, -which are still a little mottled as above described ; below, light gray, nearly white on 

 throat and belly. Breast waved with light and dark gray, with traces of the white stripes. 

 Sides under the wings slightly fulvous or rufescent, but without deflnite stripes. Quills plain 

 dusky; tail-feathers more plumbeous, marked with blackish and whitish. A broad white 

 supei'ciliary line. With the progress of the fall moult this dress changes for one like that of 

 the adults, and the sexes are soon distinguishable. Eggs 1.25X1.00, pyramidal, narrow and 

 pointed at one end, very obtuse the other ; color buff or rich creamy, dotted and spotted all 

 over with bright brown, splashed here and there with large blotches of the same ; number in 

 definite — 8-12 or more. Nest like that of any other partridge. New Mexico and Arizona, 

 both in mountains and valleys, very abundant ; E. to Pecos and San Elizario, Texas, beyond 

 which replaced by the Massena partridge; W. to Colorado R. and slightly beyond; N. to 

 Utah ; S. into Mexico. The characteristic game bird of Arizona. 



213. CALiLIPEP'LA. (Gr. /caXXtTren-Xor, fcaHipepZos, beautifully arrayed.) Shell Quail. General 

 character of Lophortyx, but head with a short, full, soft crest as in the Massena quail (fig. 413). 

 Coloration of under parts producing a shelly or scaly appearance. Sexes nearly alike. Eggs 

 not heavily colored. One U. S. species. 



577. C. squama'ta. (Lat. sqiiamata, squamous, scale-like.) Scaled Partridge. Blue 

 Quail. <J, adult : General color bluish-plumbeous, shading into olive-brown on the back 

 aud wings and to rufous on the under parts behind the wings, with a large abdominal area of 

 orange-brown ; the feathers of the neck all around, and most of those of the under parts, 

 sharply edged with black, producing a peculiar shell-like appearance ; on the breast the 

 feathers also with concealed reddish shaft-lines. Long feathers of the sides like the back in 

 color, with white brown-edged stripes or long-oval spots. On the flanks and crissum the 

 feathers lose the scaly appearance, becoming blended rusty-brown, with linear, sagittate, or 

 cordate dark spots. Inner secondaries edged with buff or whitish, affording to the folded wing 

 the lengthwise stripe so characteristic of N. A. partridges. Quills plain fuscous ; tail-feathers 

 wlumbeous. No deflnite stripes about the head ; crest dark brown ending in pure whi-te. 

 Length 10.00-11.00; extent 14.50-15.50; wing 4.50; tail 3.50; tarsus 1.25; middle toe and 

 claw 1.04. 9 little different; head markings the same; the orange-brown of the belly 



