ANATIBM—ANSEBINM : GEESE. 



686 



with white ; shafts of quills white. Young : Darker, browner ; the gray and ashy colors rather 

 brown, the base of the tail not pure white, no white on forehead, which is darker than rest 

 of head, np black on under parts, the bill obscured, the nail blackish, the feet pale. Length 

 about 27.00 inches; extent 60.00; wing 16.10-17.00; taU 5.50; tarsus 2.75; middle toe 

 and claw rather more ; bUl up to 2.00. N. Am. at large, breeding in the far north, wintering 

 in the U. S., in greater numbers on the Pacific side than in the interior or along the Atlantic. 

 Eggs 6-7, 2.90 to 3.30 long by 2.10 broad, elUptioal, smooth dull yellowish with an olive 

 shade, in places discolored with a darker tint. 

 280. CHEN. (Gr. xv") chen, a goose.) Snow Geese. BiU about as long as head, very stout 

 and high at base, where higher than broad, the under mandible very deep. Tomial edges 

 of much beyeUed off, and receding from each other, leaving an elUptioal space, in which the 

 large prominent teeth are fully exposed. NostrUs in basal half of bill. Feet as in Anser, but 

 tarsus if anything longer than middle toe and claw. Color white, at least on head. Bill and 

 feet reddish. 



Analysis of Species. 



Not white. Nearly the size of the next cosrulescens 694 



Pure white, with black wing-tipB ; head rusty or not. 



Large; length about 30.00; wing 17.00 or more. Bill smooth hyperboreus 695 



Small: length about 25.00; wing 16.00 or less. Bill smooth cUbatus 696 



Very small : under 24.00 ; wing 15.00 or less. Bill studded with papillee rossi 697 



694. C. ooernles'ceas. (Lat. cosrukscens, bluish.) Blue Snow Goose. Bill and feet flesh-pink, 

 former with the recess between the mandibles black, the nails whitish ; iris dark brown ; 

 claws dusky. Head and neck above white, the neck below, passing on to the back and 

 breast, dusky-gray, then fading into whitish on the under parts, changing on the wings into 

 fine bluish-gray, or silvery-ash ; rump and upper taU-coverts whitish ; qilUls and tail-feathers 

 dusky, edged with whitish, the primaries black. Size of the snow goose or rather less, and 

 closely resembling the 



young of that species. j '^^fes^id^l 



Length about 35.00; 



wing 16.00; bill 2.35; "' ' ' 4>-^, . 



tarsus 3.00. N.Am. _ - f*<.,*-^S\^ ' 



at large, not very com- ■ i . . - ■■ ^ j--J j.^^fy^ - ■\l 



mon or well-known. *■/ ' " ' • • 



695. C. hyperbo'reus. (Lat. 

 hyperboreus, beyond _ _ .^_- ^^^^ 

 the north wind.) Snow ^""IHlMBMBBHMKEFWEg Be^SSSSB ^ \''\ p. 

 Goose. White '■ ; ^'^ HHM RJESSBPJfflSsMB^M > ^ 

 Bbant. Bill car- ^ \^^ V:'iS^^^^^^^^^^Mm > 

 mine-red or pale pur- , , •* j • j r,!*' ^99|^^aBH|9P?\ ''v'vi^Sjlii*^ ^- 

 plish with a salmon j]^,^ ^ - * I"^.--'"*^'"* " ^ 

 tinge, the nails white, t - " "* - '■'.\J -■***t-jl jfc.>jfr." ■■ , J- - * 'TSi"; ^ ^ 

 the recess between the _ '^^^i_ , _ _ *'iMHIHB'tH HMM5B if ?^^ 8^ ^^ 

 mandibles black. Eyes 



dark brown. Feet dull ""^^^Qi^s m' '.>, y^ - " imiiUL^^i4i-L^..j—^— 



lake-red, the claws -^^^^^^^^^^^&l^^^^^^^^^^^^^"~ ~ 



blackish. Adult plu- 

 mage pure white, the Fig. 474. -Emperor Goose. (Prom Ball.) 



head usually washed with rusty-brown, like a swan's, the ends of the primaries blackening. 

 Young resembling the last, but the head not white while other parts are colored. Large : 

 length 37.00-31.00 ; extent 57.00-63.00 ; wing 17.00-19.00; taU6.50; bill 2.35-3.60 ; tarsus 

 3.00-3.50 ; middle toe and claw the same. Weight 5 or 6 lbs. The dimensions grade down 



