ALCIB^ — PHALEBIBINM: AUKS. 



805 



pieces ; the change, in upper mandible is decided, as in F. arctica, but the difference in the 

 lower mandible is comparatively slight. In birds of the first spring the terminal portion of the 

 bill may be smooth, like the under mandible, and the bill and feet rather orange-red than ver- 

 milion ; at this time the face whitens and the crests sprout. Young : No crests, and no white 



about the face 

 The bUl like that 

 of the adults in 

 winter after- the 

 moult, saddled 

 with soft dark-col- 

 ored skin at base, 

 but every way 

 smaller, weaker, 

 and quite smooth 

 ( " Sagmatorhma 

 lathami," S.g. 535,) 

 and, like the feet, 

 ' Horn-billed Ank, adult in winter, nat. size. (From Elliott.) rather vellow or 



orange than red j the plumage entirely blackish above, sooty- brown below, the feathers of the 

 belly and flanks whitish at the base ; iris brown. Coasts and Islands of the N. Pacific, S. in 

 winter on the American side to California ; of casual occurrence on the Atlantic Coast to New 

 England. General habits and economy of the common puflSn ; nesting similar. Egg single, 

 rough, dead- white, but showing, besides frequent disoolorations, obsolete shell-markings of 

 pale purplish-gra/; size from 2.65 to 2.86, by 1.92 to 2.00 ; broader and more capacious than 

 that of F, corniculata, though no longer. 

 339. CERATORHI'NA. (Grr. Kepas, Kcparos, Tceras, Iceratos, a horn; pis, pivos, hris, hrimos, the 

 nose.) Ehinocekos Auks. Belated to iMmda and Fratercula ; no peculiarity of eyelids or 

 inner claw ; biU smooth ; 

 base of upper mandible 

 with a large upright 

 horn, and under mandi- 

 ble with an accessory 

 homy piece lying be- 

 tween its rami ; this 

 piece and the horn decid- 

 uous, when base of up- 

 per mandible covered 

 with a soft cere. BiU 



shorter than head, stout, I'lQ. 638. — Horn-billed Auk, young, nat. size. {From Elliot. ) 



deep at base, much compressed and rapidly tapering to acute decurved tip, sides erect, smooth, 

 culmen very convex, gape gently curved, gonys nearly straight, with angle at symphysis. 

 Nostrils short, linear, snbbasal, marginal, impervious, at base of the hom or cere. Two 

 series, postocular and maxillary, of lengthened, straight, stiifish lance-acute white feathers on 

 each side of head. General form of Fratermla. Size large. One species. 

 857. C. monocera'ta. (Gr. pJsvos, monos, only, single ; Kepas, keras, horn. Figs. 536, 537, 538.) 

 Unicoen Auk. Horn-bill Auk. Adults in summer : Bill orange-yeUow. Culmen and 

 base of upper mandible dusky ; feet some yellow color, the tarsi behind and the soles blackish ; 

 claws black. The sharp feathers of the head white, about an inch long. Entire upper parts 

 glossy blue-black; a line of white along edge of forearm. -.Sides of head and neck, of body 

 along under the isdngs, with chin, throat, and fore-breast, clear grayish-ash, or pale bluish- 



