828 SYSTEMATIC SYNOPSIS OF FOSSIL BIRDS. 



Based upon part of a tarso-metatarsus from near Fort MoKinney, Texas, in beds of middle 

 Cretaceous age. Deposited in the Yale Museum. 



37. ICHTHYORNIS TENER. 



Ichthyornis tener, Marsh, Odont., 1880, p. 198, pi. xxx, fig. 8. 



From the Pteranodon beds of the middle Cretaceous, Wallace County, Kansas ; two speci- 

 mens, secured in 1876, and now preserved at the Yale College Museum. 



38. ICHTHYORNIS VAIilDUS. 



Ichthyornis validus, Marsh, Odont., 1880, p. 198, pi. xxx, figg. 11-14. 

 Discovered in 1877, in the yeUow chalk of the middle Cretaceous, near Solomon River, in . 

 northwestern Kansas. The known specimens are deposited in the Museum of Yale College. 



39. ICHTHYORNIS VICTOR. (See p. 64, fig. 16.) 



Ichthyornis vicfor, Marsh, Am. Joum. Sci., xi, June, 1876, p. 511. — Id., Odont., 1880, 

 p. 199, pll. xxvii-xxxiv. —Dana, Man. Geol., 1880, pp. 466-468, pi. v. 



A species of the genus rather larger than a pigeon, of which more than forty specimens 

 have been found in various localities in Kansas, all apparently from the same geological horizon 

 in the middle Cretaceous. These are preserved in the Museum of Yale College. 



40. LAORNIS EDVARDSIANUS. 



Laornis edvardsiamcs, Marsh, Proe. Phila. Acad., Jan., 1870, p. 5. — Id., Am. Joum. 

 Sci., xlix. Mar., 1870, p. 206. — Id. ibid., v. Mar., 1873, p. 230. — A. Milne-Edw., Kech. 

 Ossem. Foss., ii, 1871, p. 540.— Cotjes, Key, 1872, p. 350.— Marsh, Odont., 1880, p. 199. 



This species was nearly as large as a swan. The remains by which it is represented were 

 found in the middle marl bed, of upper Cretaceous age, at Birmingham, New Jersey, and are 

 now in the Museum of Yale College. 



41. PALaSOTRINGA LITORALIS. 



Paleeotringa UttoraUs, Marsh, Proc. Phila. Acad., Jan., 1870, p. 5. — Id., Am. Joum. 

 Sci., xlix. Mar., 1870, p. 208. — A. Milne-Edw., Eech. Ossem. Foss., ii, 1871, p. 540. — 

 CouES, Key, 1872, p. 349. —Marsh, Am. Joum. Sci., v, Mar., 1873, p. 229. — Id., Odont., 

 1880, p. 199. 



A bird about as large as a curlew. The remains representing it were discovered in the 

 green-sand of the upper Cretaceous, near Homerstown, New Jersey, and are preserved in the 

 collection at Yale College. 



42. PAL^OTRINGA VAGAN8. 



Paleeotrmga vagcms, Marsh, Am. Joum. Sci., iii. May, 1872, p. 365. — Cotjes, Key, 

 1872, p. 349. — Marsh, Am. Joum. Sci., v, Mar., 1873, p. 229. 



From the same formation and locality as the last; of smaller size, being intermediate 

 between the other two species of the genus. The specimens upon which this species is based 

 are preserved in the Yale College Museum. 



43. PALLffiOTRINGA VETUS. 



Scolopax, Morton, Syn. Organic Kemains of the Cret., U. S., 1834, p. 32. — Harlan, 

 Med. and Phys. Ees., 1835, p. 280. 



Palaotrmga vet/us, Marsh, Proc. PhUa. Acad., Jan., 1870, p. 5. — Id., Am. Joum. Sci., 



xlix. Mar., 1870, p. 209. —A. Milne-Edw., Rech. Ossem. Foss., ii, 1871, p. 540 Coues, 



Key, 1872, p. 349. — Marsh, Am. Joum. Sci,, v, Mar., 1873, p. 229. — Id., Odont., 1880, 

 p. 200. 



The first fossil bird of North America appears to have been noted by Dr. Morton in 1834, 

 as that of a snipe-like species. The specimen, consisting of a femur imperfect at the upper 

 extremity, was presented by S. W. Conrad to Dr. Harlan, who remarks that "the bone 

 appears to be perfectly mineralized." It was found near Ameytovm, New Jersey, in the lower 

 marl bed of, the Cretaceous formation. This same specimen (which meanwhUe had been 

 generally regarded as of a recent species, notwithstanding its condition and the position in which 



