SOG CSOLERA. 99 



teen to twenty-four days all died. This experiment needs repetition 

 and it will be necessary to prepare and inject similar emulsions made 

 from other organs before any positive conclusions can be drawn. 



Hog Cholera. — In pure cultures of this bacillus Novy has found 

 a poisonous base, which probably has the composition Cj„HjgNjj, and 

 to which he has provisionally given the name susotoxin. 100 mg. 

 of the hydrochlorid of this base causes in white rats convulsive tre- 

 mors and death within one and one-half hours. Section shows the 

 heart in diastole, lungs pale, stomach contracted, a serous efiusion 

 into the thoracic cavity, and the subcutaneous tissue pale and edem- 

 atous. 



Novy has also obtained a poisonous proteid from cultures of this 

 germ. The following experiments illustrate the effects obtained from 

 this body : 100, 50 and 25 mg., respectively, were injected into three 

 young white rats from the same litter. The animal which received 

 100 mg. soon began to crawl about on its belly, being unable to rise. 

 The eyes were soon filled with a thick secretion and the toes became 

 red. Finally it became quiet, lying on its belly, with feet extended. 

 The respirations became deeper, and a coma-like condition set in. 

 The animal died, without convulsions, within about three hours. 

 The rat which received 50 mg., went through the same course of 

 symptoms, but these were less intense. Death resulted four hours 

 after the injection. The one which received the 25 mg. became very 

 sick, but finally recovered, and one week later it was given another 

 injection of 30 mg., which produced scarcely any effect. Then it 

 was treated at intervals of five, three, five, two and four days, re- 

 spectively, to 40, 50, 75, 100 and 125 mg. without effect. Three 

 days after the last injection the animal was inoculated with one c.c. 

 of a bouillon culture of the highly virulent germ. Only a slight 

 temporary effect was observed during the first day, after which re- 

 covery was complete and permanent. A control rat was given the 

 same quantity of the culture, sickened the next day and died one 

 week later. From this it will be seen that the animal was rendered 

 immune to the bacillus. 



De Schweinitz also reports the detection of a slightly poisonous 

 base, which he designated sucholotoxin, and a poisonous proteid, and 

 with these he has been able to secure immunity in guinea-pigs against 

 the virulent germ. The proteid body is classed among the albumoses, 

 and is said to crystallize in white, translucent plates when dried in 

 vacuo over sulphuric acid and to form needle-like crystals with 

 platinum chlorid. The same investigator has also reported the iso- 

 lation of soluble ferments, or enzymes, from cultures of the hog 

 cholera bacillus. From milk cultures both peptonizing and diastatic 

 ferments were obtained. These are destroyed by heating above 55° ; 

 they contain nitrogen, and, when pure, do not give the albuminoid 



