280 CEEMISTBT OF THE PTOMAINS. 



water-bath to 70° ; by gradual addition of water (50 volumes), 

 taking care not to allow the temperature to rise above 70°, at which 

 temperature the solution is left for twenty or thirty minutes ; may 

 be raised to 90° and kept there for one hour. The solution is then 

 rapidly filtered through an asbestos plug with the aid of a pump. 

 On cooling, bright, long crystalline plates and needles separate from 

 the filtrate. The residue, dissolved in alcohol and again treated by 

 this process, finally yields a residue of pure benzoyl-cadaverin. 

 The crystals formed in the filtrate melt at 124.5°-125° ; cadaverin 

 compound at 129°-130°. 



The dibenzoyl compound on heating with equal parts of alcohol 

 and concentrated hydrochloric acid on a water-bath for forty-eight 

 hours is decomposed. The hydrochlorid is not deliquescent. 



The platinochlorid, C5Hi5N2.2HCl.PtCl4 (Pt = 37.01), crystallizes 

 from hot water on cooling in elongated, well -formed needles 

 (rhombic system) of dark -orange color. Some were more than 1 

 cm. long. The crystallographic characters of the salt agree in all 

 respects with those of the cadaverin compound with which it is 

 therefore isomorphous. It is easily soluble in water, difficultly in 

 strong alcohol. 



Gold chlorid produces no precipitate in aqueous or alcoholic solu- 

 tion of the base. Picric acid gives a compound easily soluble in 

 water and in absolute alcohol. It crystallizes in needles and plates ; 

 at 200° becomes brown, and at 210° it decomposes. In its be- 

 havior to gold chlorid it resembles saprin. 



This base is not present in cystinuria. 



A Base, C^Hj^Nj. — Until very recently the nature of the basic 

 substances which are formed as products of the alcoholic fermenta- 

 tion of sugar or molasses has been but little understood. Kramer 

 and Pinner, in 1869, found in crude fusel oil a small quantity of a 

 volatile base which they apparently identified with a coUidin. This 

 observation was confirmed by Ordonneau and others; and in 1888 

 Morin contributed an elaborate paper upon the bases formed during 

 alcoholic fermentation. The portion of crude fusel oil which boils 

 above 130.5° was extracted with slightly acidulated water, the acid 

 aqueous solution thus obtained was made alkaline, and the oily bases 

 which were thus set free were then distilled with vapor of water. 

 The free bases were then dried over potassium hydrate and sub- 

 jected to fractional distillation. Three fractions were thus obtained, 

 boiling respectively at 155°-160°, 171°-172°, and 185°-190°. 

 Only the second fraction, which boils at 171°-172°, was studied, 

 and was found to possess the formula C^Hj^Nj. Heated with con- 

 centrated hydrochloric acid, it is decomposed in part with the forma- 

 tion of ammonia. It combines with ethyl iodid to form a yellow 

 crystalline compound which is soluble in water and alcohol, insoluble 



