UMBELLIFERuE. (PARSLEY FAMILY.) 163 



13. ZIZIA, DC. 



Calyx-teeth obsolete. Frait ovoid-oblong, twin. Carpels 5-ribbed, the cross 

 section nearly orbicular. VittEe 3 in each interval, and 4 on the commissure. — 

 A smooth perennial herb, with 2 - 3-ternately compound leaves, and yellow 

 flowers. 



1. Z. integerrima, DC. Stem slender; leaflets oblong-ovate, entire; 

 rays of the umbel long and slender; involucre none. (Smyrnium intcjierrimum, 

 L.) — Rocky woods, Mississippi, and northward. May and June. — Stem 1° - 

 2° high. 



14. THASPIUM, Nutt. 



Calyx-teeth short or obsolete. Fruit ovoid or oblong, somewhat flattish at the 

 sides. Carpels commonly equally and strongly .5-ribbed. Intervals with single 

 vittiB. — Perennial herbs, with 1 - 2-ternately-divided leaves (the lowest often en- 

 tire), and yellow or purple flowers. Involucre none. 



* Caljix-teelh short, obtuse. 



1. T. barbinode, Nutt. Stem pubescent at the joints; leaves 1 - 2-ternatc, 

 more or less pubescent ; leaflets cuneate-ovate, entire toward the base, toothed 

 above, the terminal one narrowed into a long stalk ; fruit oblong, the ribs mostly 

 unequal ; flowers pale yellow. — River-banks, West Florida, and northward. 

 May and June. — Stem branching above, 2° - 3° high. Leaflets J' - 1' long, 

 often 2-3-lobed. 



2. T. piunatifldum, Gray. Branches and umbels roughish-pnberulent ; 

 leaves 1 - 3-teraate ; leaflets 1 - 2-pinnatifid, the lobes linear or oblong ; fruit 

 oblong, narrowly 8 - 10-winged, the intervals minutely scabrous. — Mountains of 

 North Carolina and Tennessee. — Stem 2° -5° high. 



* * Caii/x-teeth obsolete. 



3. T. aureum, Nutt. Leaves 1 - 2-ternate ; the leaflets oblong-lanceolate, 

 sharply serrate, the lateral ones unequal at the base ; fruit oval, the ribs thick 

 or winged. (Smyrnium aureum, L.) — Rich soil, Florida, and northward. 

 May. — Stem 1° - 2° high. Lowest leaves sometimes cordate and undivided. 

 Flowers yellow. 



4. T. trifollatum, Gray. Leaves crenate; the lowest ones usually sim- 

 ple and cordate, the others trifoliolate ; leaflets ovate-lanceolate, mostly obtuse 

 at the base; fruit roundish, ribbed or winged. (Smyrnium cordatum, Walt. 

 S. atropurpureum, Zam.) — Rich soil, Florida to Mississippi, and northward. 

 June. — Stem 1° - 2° high. Flowers yellow or dark purple. 



15. LIGUSTICUM, L. Nondo. 



Calyx-teeth minute or obsolete. Fruit elliptical, nearly terete. Carpels with 

 5 acute equal and somewhat winged ribs. Vittse numerous. Involucre short, 

 2 - 6-leaved. — Perennial herbs. Leaves 1 - 3-ternately divided. Flowers white. 



1. L. aetseifolium, Michx. Stem tall (3° -6°), smooth, branched; 

 leaves 3-ternately divided ; leaflets ovate, toothed ; umbels very numerous, pani- 



