224 COMPOSITE, (composite family.) 



1. X. strum.ari'U.in, L. Stem spineless, rough, branched ; leaves large, 

 broadly cordate, 3 - 5-Iobed ; the lobes toothed, acute and rough on both sides ; 

 fruit oval, pointed by two straight and smooth beaks. — Var. echinatum. 

 Leaves obtuse, less strongly lobed ; the incurved beaks and spines of the larger 

 { 1 ') fruit bristly. — Cultivated fields and waste places, common. July - Sept. — 

 Stem l°-4° high, often spotted. 



2. X. spinosum, L. Stem armed with triple spines, much branched ; 

 leaves lanceolate, entire or 3-lobed, hoary-tomentose beneath ; fruit pointed by a 

 single beak. — Waste places around the larger seaports, and sparingly in the 

 interior. Introduced. Aug. and Sept. — Stem 2° - 3° high. 



38. ECLIPTA, L. 



Heads many-flowered ; the ray-flowers short, pistillate, in a single row ; those 

 of the disk tubular, 4-toothed, perfect. Scales of the involucre 10-12, in 2 

 rows. Receptacle flat, with bristly chaff. Achenia 3 - 4-angled, hairy at the 

 apex. Pappus none. — Rough branching annuals, with opposite lanceolate 

 leaves. Heads small, axillary, on peduncles of varying length. Flowers 

 white. 



1. E. erecta, L. Stem erect or diffuse, terete, tumid below the joints, 

 sprinkled, like the leaves, with appressed rigid hairs ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, 

 acute, serrate, narrowed into a petiole ; peduncles single or 2 - 3 together. (E. 

 procumbens, and E. brachypoda, ik/jc/ix.) — "Wet places, Florida, and north- 

 ward. Sept. and Oct. — Stem 6' - 3° long. 



2. E. longifolia, Schrad. Stem erect, rough-hairy ; leaves lanceolate or 

 oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, serrate, sessile and clasping; peduncles longer 

 than the heads. — Wet places, Apalachicola, Florida. Sept. — Stem l°-2° 

 high. Leaves 4' - 6' long. 



39. BOERICHIA, Adans. 



Heads many-flowered ; ray-flowers pistillate, in a single row ; those of the 

 disk tubular, 5-toothed, perfect. Scales of the hemispherical involucre imbri- 

 cated ; the exterior ones leafy. Receptacle flat, with rigid persistent chaff. 

 Achenia somewhat wedge-shaped, 3 - 4-angled. Pappus a 3 - 4-toothed border. 

 — Fleshy maritime shrubs. Leaves opposite and slightly connate. Heads soli- 

 tary, peduncled. Flowers yellow. 



1. B. arborescens, DC. Smooth, or the young branches pubescent; 

 leaves spatulate-lanceolate, abruptly pointed, entire ; scales of the involucre as 

 long as the disk ; the inner ones and chaff of the receptacle obtuse. — Key West. 

 Dec. — Shrub 5° - 10° high. 



2. B. frutescens, DC. Branches and leaves hoary-tomentose; leaves 

 varying fi"om spatulate-linear to obovate-oblong, entire or toothed near the base ; 

 scales of the involucre shorter than the disk, the inner ones and chaff of the re- 

 ceptacle spine-pointed. (Buphthalmum frutescens, L ) — Saline marshes, Flor- 

 ida to North Carolina. June - Oct. — Stem 1° - 2° high. 



