248 COMPOSITE, (composite family.) 



natifid ; scales of the involucre cuspidate, viscid, not wcbby ; flowers purple. — 

 Pine-barren swamps, Florida, Georgia, and westward. July and Aug. — Stem 

 2° - 3° high, rigid. Heads 1' in diameter. 



8. C. repaudum, Michx. Webby throughout when young ; stem simple, 

 very leafy ; leaves oblong-linear, clasping, the margins undulate and closely 

 fringed with bristly spines ; heads mostly solitary ; flowers purple. — Dry pino 

 barrens, Florida to North Carolina. June and July. — Stem 1° - 2° high. 



9. C. horridulum, Michx. Webby when young, at length smoothish; 

 stem thick, branching ; leaves clasping, pinnatifid, armed with long and stout 

 spines ; heads large, surrounded by a whorl of linear pectinate spiny bracts ; 

 scales of the involucre linear-subulate, spine-pointed ; flowers purple or yellow- 

 ish. — Sandy soil, Florida, and northward. April and May. — Stem l°-3° 

 high, often purple. 



79. LAPPA, Tourn. Bdkdock. 



Heads many-flowered, discoid ; the flowers all perfect and similar. Scales of 

 the globose involucre imbricated, coriaceous, with subulate spreading hooked 

 tips. Eeceptacle flat, bristly. Achenia oblong, compressed, transversely rugose. 

 Pappus of numerous short caducous bristles. Anthers caudate at the base, — 

 Biennial branching herbs, with large cordate petioled leaves. Heads small. 

 Flowers purple or white. 



1 . L. maj or, Gsert. Leaves undulate on the margins, pubescent beneath ; 

 the uppermost ovate ; heads corymbose ; involucre smooth or webby. — Waste 

 places. North Carolina. Introduced from Europe. 



Suborder II. L,ABIATIFL.OR^. 



Tribe VI. MUTISIACEiE. Heads with the flowers dissimilar or rarely dim- 

 dons ; the marginal ones pistillate or neutral, ligulate or bilabiate : style as in 

 Tribe V. 



80. CHAPTALIA, Vent. 



Heads many-flowered, radiate. Eay-flowers pistillate, in, two rows, the outer 

 ones ligulate, the inner ones ligulate or 3 - ."i-toothed and filiform. Disk-flowers 

 perfect but sterile, bilabiate, the outer lip 3-cleft, the inner 2-cleft. Anthers cau- 

 date. Scales of the cylindrical involucre lanceolate, acute, imbricated in few 

 rows. Eeceptacle naked. Fertile achenia oblong, smooth, narrowed at each end. 

 Pappus of numerous bristly hairs. — Stemless perennial herbs ; the simple scape 

 bearing a single head of white or purplish flowers. Leaves smooth above, white 

 toraentose beneath. 



1. C. tomentosa, Vent. — Low pine barrens, Florida to North Carolina. 

 Feb.-April. — Scape tomentose, 6'-12' high. Leaves spatulate-lanceolate or 

 oblong. Heads nodding. 



