SMILACE^. (SMILAX FAMILY.) 477 



2-3 ; berry small, globular 2-3-seeded. (S. ovata, Pursh? Ell.) — Dry sand- 

 ridges along the coast, Florida to North Carolina. May and June. — Stem trail- 

 ing, or covering small bushes. Leaves l'-2' long, strongly reticulated. Flowers 

 small, very fragrant. 



9- S. rotuudifolia, L. Stem climbing high, armed with scattered prickles ; 

 branchlets 4-angled ; leaves thin, ovate or round-ovate, entire, abruptly pointed, 

 mostly rounded or slightly cordate at the base ; peduncles few-flowered, rather 

 longer than the pedicels, flattened; berry globular, 3-seeded, blue-black. (S. 

 caduca, L. S. quadrangularis, Muhl.) — Swamps in the middle and upper dis- 

 tricts, and northward. June. — Plant yellowish green. Leaves 2' - 4' long. 



2. COPEOSMANTHUS, Torr. 



Cells of the ovary 2-ovuled. — Stems herbaceous, unarmed. Peduncles and 

 petioles elongated. Berry blue-black. Otherwise like Smilax. 



1. C. herbaceus, Kunth. Stem erect (l°-3° high), mostly simple, leafy 

 above ; leaves few, oblong or oval, mucronate, pubescent, 5-nerved, the upper ones 

 whorled, the lower brac^like ; peduncles few (3'- 4' long), below the leaves; 

 berry 2-3-seeded. (Smilax herbacea, L.) — Dry fertile soil, Florida to North 

 Carolina. June. — Flowers fetid. 



2. C. peduncularis, Kunth. Stems curving or climbing (3° -5° long), 

 branched, leafy ; leaves alternate, round-cordate, acuminate, smooth ; peduncles 

 numerous, axillary (4' -6' long) ; berry 6-seeded. (Smilax peduncularis, Muhl.) 



— Rich soil in the upper districts, and northward. June. — Flowers fetid. 



3. C. tamnifolius, Kunth. Stems erect or climbing ; leaves hastate, 

 cordate, obtuse, mucronate, 5-nerved, smooth, the upper ones narrower ; pedun- 

 cles longer than the petiolesj berry 2-3-seeded. (Smilax tamnifolia, ilf/cfa.) 



— Pine barrens, South Carolina, and northward. July. 



3. TRILLIUM, L. 



Flowers perfect. Perianth 6-leaved, the three exterior leaves calyx-like, per- 

 sistent, the interior withering. Stamens 6, inserted at the base of the perianth. 

 Filaments short : anthers adnate, linear, 2-celled. Ovary 6-ribbed, 3-ceIled, with 

 numerous anatropous horizontal ovules in each cell. Styles or stigmas 3, slen- 

 der, stigmatic within, recurved, persistent. Fruit a roundish 6-sided many- 

 seeded purple berry. — Low perennial herbs, with tuberous rootstocks, and 

 simple stems, which are sheathed at the base, and terminated with a whorl of 

 three broad leaves and a single sessile or peduncled showy flower. 



* Flower sessile, erect. 



1. T. sessile, L. Rootstock horizontal ; stems slender, commonly two or 

 more in a cluster ; leaves sessile, broadly oval, widest in the middle, abruptly 

 short-pointed, narrowed at the base, 3-5-nerved, variegated above with paler 

 and deeper green ; petals dark purple, lanceolate, erect, much longer than the 

 lanceolate spreading sepals — Rich shady woods, in the upper districts, and 



