46 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 
Young.—Much like winter adults, but scapulars, interscapulars, 
and tertials abruptly but rather narrowly margined with brownish 
buff to dull whitish, and tail tipped with buffy or cinnamomeous. 
Downy young (about 3 days old, fide Collett).—‘‘ Blackish gray, 
slightly washed with yellowish, and here and there tipped with black; 
along the crown is a narrow black band reaching to the forehead, 
though not quite to the base of the bill; a similar stripe extends 
from the base of the upper mandible to the eye; and there is a black 
spot at the gape; sides of the throat gray; belly white; wing and 
scapulars colored like the back.” (Dresser.) 
Adult male.—Wing, 140-156.5 (149.9); tail, 57-63 (61.2); exposed 
culmen, 20-22.5 (20.8); tarsus, 23-25.5 (24.3); middle toe, 20-23 
(21.8) .% 
Adult female.—Wing, 140-160 (153.1); tail, 59-68 (62.4); exposed 
culmen, 21-23 (21.9); tarsus, 23.5-25.5 (24.8); middle toe, 21-24 
(21.8).® 
Breeding in northern Europe and Asia, including islands in Arctic 
Ocean, and northwestern Alaska (Yukon de]ta to Point Barrow) and 
western Greenland; in migration southward over practically the whole 
of Eastern Hemisphere (seacoasts and shores of larger inland waters) 
as far southward as New Zealand, New Caledonia, New Hebrides, 
Madagascar, etc., and through islands in Bering Sea and Aleutian 
Islands southward along Pacific coast of America to Chile, and 
throughout islands of Pacific Ocean. (Lower California: San Ysidro; 
@ Seventeen specimens, + Ten specimens. 
: Ex- Mid- 
Locality. Wing. | Tail. | posed |Tarsus.| dle 
culmen toe. 
MALES. 
One adult male from England..............-.022-20eeeeeeee eee 155 62.5 22 24.5 22.5 
One adult male from France. ......-.....2.22. eee eee eee eee eee 150 63 21 23 22 
Eleven adult males from Alaska.........222--.2.0..ceeeeeeeeee 148. 2 60.5 20.4 24.4 21.5 
One adult male from Bering Island, Kamchatka............... 153 62 22.5 24.5 21.5 
. Two adult males from Japan..............-...-- pincScieceneageal 163.7 | 62 21.5| 24 ve] 
One adult male from Hawaii........22222 2-2... ccceeeeeeee eens 149 63 21 25 24 
Ten adult males of A. i. morinella.. 1.202... 0022 .c cece ee eee 145.5 60 21.7 24.5 21.8 
Ten adult males of A. melanocephala ...........000... 02 ee eens 144.3 60.1 22.2 24.9 23.2 
FEMALES, 
Four adult females from Europe (three from England) ........ 150.1 62.5 21.5 23.5 22.5 
Five adult females from Alaska ..............202.cceeececeeeeee 154.3 62.5 22,2 24.8 21.5 
One adult female from Japan .....--.....2..20ce cece cece ee ceeee 159 62 22 25.5 21 
Eleven adult females of A. i. morinella.........022..0002eeeeeee 148.6 60. 4 22.9 24.5 22 
Eight adult females of A. melanocephala ............220200000-- 148.7 60.1 22.9 24,7 23.3 
I am unable to find any fairly constant differences between European and 
Alaskan specimens. The European series is very small, however, and the com- 
parison therefore not conclusive. 
