BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 63 
bb. Crest ‘‘bushy,’’ decumbent; hallux absent; wing pointed, the outermost 
primary longest or equal to the longest........... Ptiloscelys (extralimital).¢ 
aa. Head not crested; plumage without metallic colors; smaller (wing less than 210 
mm.). 
b. Tarsus longer than middle toe with claw. 
c. Culmen shorter than middle toe with claw; tarsus less than two and a half 
times as long as middle toe without claw. 
d. Hallux absent or else (Squatarola) culmen longer than middle toe without 
claw, bill stout, and upper parts spotted. 
e. Wing with a small blunt metacarpal spur; upper parts black, gray, and 
white, in large, mostly longitudinal, areas.......-. Hoploxypterus (p. 69). 
ee. Wing without metacarpal spur; upper parts not colored as above. 
jf. Larger (wing more than 150 mm.); upper parts much spotted or speckled, 
lower parts (in summer adults) mostly black. 
g. Hallux present but minute; bill much larger and stouter, the culmen 
as long as middle toe without claw, the gonydeal angle prominent; 
upper parts spotted with white.........-.-..-.-. Squatarola (p. 72). 
gg. Hallux absent; bill much smaller and more slender, the culmen de- 
cidedly shorter than middle toe without claw, the gonydeal angle 
not prominent; upper parts spotted with yellow. ...Pluvialis (p.79). 
ff. Smaller (wing less than 150 mm.); upper parts chiefly plain brownish 
gray or grayish brown, the lower parts never mostly black. 
g. Posterior processes of sternum projecting backward nearly to extremity 
of keel, the outer pair somewhat everted; culmen not longer than dis- 
tance from its base to anterior angle of eye...... Eudromias (p. 94). 
gg. Posterior processes of sternum much shorter, not projecting backward 
nearly to the extremity of the keel, the outer pair not everted;. 
culmen much longer than distance from its base to anterior angle 
of eye. 
h. Exposed culmen more than twice as long as middle toe without 
claw; upper parts striped with buff..Oreopholus (extralimital). > 
hh. Exposed culmen less than twice as long as middle toe without 
claw; upper parts not striped. 
i. Tail much more than half as long as wing, decidedly to strongly 
graduated; chest with two black bands, separated by a white 
one; rump ochraceous or ochraceous-cinnamon, in contrast with 
grayish brown of back..............-.----- Oxyechus (p. 98). 
i, Tail much less than half as long as wing, truncate, or very slightly 
rounded or double-rounded; chest with a single black band or 
none; rump grayish brown, concolor with back. 
j. Tarsus more than twice as long as middle toe without claw. 
Podasocys (p. 104). 
jj. Tarsus not more (usually much less) than twice as long as mid- 
dle toe without claw. 
@ Ptiloscelys Bonaparte, Compt. Rend., xliii, 1856, 419 (type, by monotypy, Vanellus 
resplendens Tschudi).—Ptiloscelis (emendation) Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xxiv 
1896, 137. (Pacific coast of South America; monotypic.) 
6 Oreopholus Jardine and Selby, Illustr. Orn., iii, 1835, pl. 151 (type, by original 
designation and monotypy, O. tenwirostris Jardine and Selby=Charadrius rujficollis 
Wagler). Oreophilus (emendation) Agassiz, Nom. Zool., Aves, 1842, 53.—Dromicus 
Lesson, Echo du Monde Savant, April 4, 1844, col. 616 (type, by original designa- 
tion and monotypy, D. lessoni Lesson=Charadrius ruficollis Wagler). (Southern South 
America; monotypic.) 
