BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. T1 
Charadrius cayanus Temminck, Cat. Syst.,. 1807, 174.—Vizrttor, Nouv. Dict. 
d’Hist. Nat., xxvii, 1818, 135. —BURMEISTER, Syst. Ueb. Th. Bras., iii, 
1856, 358 (Lagoa Santa, Brazil). 
Ch{aradrius] cayanus LicuTensteIn, Verz. Doubl., 1823, 20 (Cayenne). 
Hoplopterus cayanus Gray, List Birds Brit. Mus., Grallee, 1844, 65.—HartLavus, 
Index Azara’s Apunt., 1847, 24.—RericuenBacg, Grallatores, 1851, pl. 99, fig. 
701.—Mooreg, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1859, 63 (Rio Ulua, Honduras).— 
SciateR and Satvin, Ibis, 1859, 228 (Honduras); Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 
1860, 290 (Babahoyo, w. Ecuador); 1866, 199 (lower Rio Ucayali, e. Peru); 
1867, 591 (s. bank of Rio Amazon), 979 (Pebas, e. Peru); 1873, 309 (lower 
Rio Ucayali, Santa Cruz, and Pebas, e. Peru).—SciatER, Proc. Zool. Soc. 
Lond., 1860, 290 (Babahoyo); 1861, 46 (Falkland Islands).—Axssort, Ibis, 
1861, 155 (Falkland Islands).—Pruzetn, Orn. Bras., 1870, 296, 454 (Ytarare; 
Rio Paran4; Goiaz; Cuyaba; Barra do Rio Negro).—Zr.Eep6n, Proc. U. 8. 
Nat. Mus., viii, 1885, 113, (Costa Rica).—Taczanowski and BERLEepscn, 
Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1885, 119 (Babahoyo).—BrErierscu, Journ. fiir 
Orn., 1887," 125 (Paraguay).—Sazvin, Ibis, 1886, 177 (Roraima, Brit. 
Guiana).—TaczaNnowskl, Orn. du Pérou, iii, 1886, 335.— ALLEN, Bull. Am. 
Mus. N. H., v, 1893, 149 (Cachoeira and Corumba, Bolivia)—KoENnIGswaLp, 
* Journ. fiir Orn., 1896, 394 (Sio Paulo, s. Brazil) —Hritmayr, Novit. Zool., 
xiv, 1907, 29 (Urucurituba, Brazil); xv, 1908, 101 (Faz. Esperanca, Brazil). 
H{oplopterus] cayanus Gray, Gen. Birds, iii, 1847, 542. —CaBANIS, in Schom- 
burgk’s Reis. Brit. Guiana, iii, 1848, 750. 
” [Hoplopterus] cayanus Gray, Hand-list, iii, 1871, 12, no. 9972.—SctarEer and 
Satvin, Nom. Av. Nieotr., 1878, 142. 
Vanellus cayanus ScauEGeL, Mus. Pays-Bas, iv, no. 29 (Charadrii), 1865, 12.— 
SrzBoum, Geog. Distr. Charadriide, 1887, pp. xix, 229, figs., pl. 10. 
[Hoploxypterus] cayanus Bonaparte, Compt. Rend., xliii, 1856, 418.—Suarrs, 
Hand-list, i, 1899, 149.—Forxes and Rozsrnson, Bull. Liverp. Mus., ii, 1899, 
no. 2, 63 (Brit. Guiana; Par4, Brazil; Rio Huallaga, e. Peru). 
Hoploxypterus cayanus SHARPE, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xxiv, 1896, 135-(Roraima 
and Ourumi, Brit. Guiana; Sarayacu, e. Ecuador; Pebas, e. Peru; Omega, s 
side Rio Amazon; Corumba, Matto Grosso, w. Brazil; Rio Parana), 732 (lower 
Rio Ucayali; Rio de Janeiro).—Inerine, Revista Mus. Paulista, iii, 1899, 
428 (Sio Paulo, s. Brazil); vi, 1904, 343 (Paraguay), 452 (Rio Jurud4, Amazonas, 
Brazil).—Brrizersch and Hartert, Novit. Zool., ix, 1902, 129 (Ciudad 
Bolivar, etc., Venezuela).—Satvin and Gopman, Biol. Centr.-Am., Aves, 
iii, 1903, 349 (Aloor, Rio Ulua, Honduras; Brit. Guiana; Amazonia; Brazil; 
Ecuador).—Brruepscu and StonrzMann, Ornis, xiii, 1906, 102 (Santa Ana, 
Peru; measurements; crit.) —Hacmann, Zool. Jahrb., 1907, 44 (Mexiana 
Island).—SNETHLAGE, Journ. fiir Orn., 1908, 23 (Rio Purtis, w. Brazil), 516 
(Goyana, Tapajés, Brazil), 538 (Arumatheua, Tocantins, Brazil); Boll. Mus. 
Goeldi, v, 1908, 68 (Rio Purts). ‘—Beriepscy, Novit. Zool. , xv, 1908, 304 
(Cayenne).—Reiser, Denkw. Mat.-Nat. Kaiserl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 1910, 93 
(Joazeiro, etc.,n.e. Brazil).—Bzrtont, Fauna Parag., 1914, 38 (Alta Parand). 
Hoplopterus cayannus ZELEDON, Cat. Aves de Costa Rica, 1882, 30. 
[Charadrius] spinosus (not of Linneus) Gmeuin, Syst. Nat., i, pt. ii, 1789, 691 
(Cayenne; based on Pluvier armé de Cayenne Daubenton, Pl. Enl., ix, pl. 
833; Buffon, Hist. Nat. Ois., viii, 102). 
Charadrius spinosus Meh cently: Beitr. Naturg. Bras., iv, 1833, 764 (Rio Bel- 
monte, Brazil). 
Hoplopterus spinosus Gorp1, Ibis, 1903, 500 (Rio Capim, n. e. Brazil). 
Charadrius stolatus WacuEeR, Syst. Av., 1827, Charadrius, sp. 12 (Paraguay; 
Brazil; Cayenne). 
