BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERIOA. 133 
nilar but paler and margined with white, the lateral ones broadly 
ged with white; greater wing-coverts and secondaries tipped with 
nite; middle rectrices deep grayish brown, the other rectrices 
coming gradually paler, except subterminally, the outermost with 
iter web white, and all, except middle pair, narrowly tipped with 
aite; longer primaries dusky, the shorter (proximal) ones becoming 
adually lighter grayish brown with basal portion of outer webs 
hite, the outermost with shaft white, the rest with shafts pale 
‘ayish brown passing into whitish subterminally; bill black; iris 
wk brown; legs grayish (in life), the toes darker. 
Adult female in summer.—Similar to the adult male and not always 
stinguishable, but usually with general coloration duller; often 
ith black head-markings replaced, at least in part, by grayish 
‘own, the exterior portion of pileum much less (sometimes scarcely 
; all) cinnamomeous, and cinnamon of chest paler. 
Winter plumage.—Somewhat similar to the summer plumage but 
ithout any cinnamon on chest, neck or pileum, the chest crossed by 
a indistinct narrow band of grayish brown, (broader and deeper in 
olor laterally), the black head-markings replaced by grayish brown. 
Young.—Much like the winter plumage but plumage more or less 
iffused with buff and feathers of upper parts margined with buffy; 
oper parts brownish gray (nearly mouse gray), the feathers more 
> less distinctly margined terminally with a paler and more buffy 
ue, these paler margins broad and very distinct on wing-coverts,. 
sarly obsolete on back; forehead (rather narrowly), supraloral and 
gstocular (supra-auricular) regions, dull buffy whitish or pale dull 
uffy; loral, suborbital and auricular regions brownish gray, becoming 
usky immediately in front of eye; no black on head; malar region 
ad under parts buffy white, more or less strongly suffused or tinged 
ith buff on chest, the upper margin of which is shaded with grayish 
rown, connecting the lateral patches (one on each side) of same; 
therwise essentially like adults. 
Downy young.—Sides of head (including a broad supraloral and 
tperciliary stripe) hindneck, and under parts white, slightly tinged 
ith pale grayish buffy, especially on breast and sides, the whole of 
ider parts immaculate; a loral line (from bill to eye), a postocular 
reak, a small spot near middle of malar region, a larger spot beneath 
borbital region, an obliquely transverse bar on sides of nape, and 
longitudinal stripe down middle of nape (the last widening pos- 
riorly), black; median portion of crown and occiput (broadly) 
regularly mottled with black and cinnamon or sayal brown; back, 
mp, etc., irregularly but boldly marbled with black, cinnamon and 
iitish, the markings more longitudinal on back, more transverse on 
wer rump. 
