BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 161 
Coloration.—Pileum with two blackish and three pale (more or 
less buffy) stripes, two of the latter over each eye; upper parts spotted 
and blotched with black and cinnamon-brown, the scapulars and 
interscapulars broadly edged with buff; tail partly cinnamon-rufous; 
axillars and under wing-coverts white, more or less barred with gray 
or dusky; sides and flanks broadly barred. 
Range.—Northern hemisphere in general. (Several species.*) 
KEY TO THE NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF GALLINAGO. 
a. Larger, with much larger feet (tarsus 35.5-40, middle toe, without claw, 34-39); 
exposed culmen shorter than middle toe without claw; tibia feathered nearly to 
tibio-tarsal joint; wing-coverts conspicuously and abruptly tipped with white; 
abdominal region with at least concealed bars of dusky, usually distinctly barred ; 
four outer rectrices (on each side) predominantly white, without cinnamoneous 
tinge; outermost primary with outer web not white. (Europe, Asia, etc.; acci- 
dental in North America.) ...........-.2--2-22+----- Gallinago media (p. 161). 
aa. Smaller, with much smaller feet (tarsus 27.5-33.5, middle toe, without claw, 
28-32.5); exposed culmen longer than middle toe with claw; tibia extensively 
naked below; wing coverts neither conspicuously nor abruptly (sometimes not at 
all) tipped with white; abdominal region wholly immaculate white; only one 
lateral rectrix (on each side) predominantly white, all the retrices tinged, more 
or less, with cinnamon-rufous; outermost primary with outer web white. 
b. Rectrices usually 14, the lateral ones broader; axillars and proximal under-wing 
coverts nearly immaculate white; sides and flanks more or less narrowly barred 
with dusky. (Europe, Asia, etc.;Greenland.) .... Gallinago gallinago (p. 165). 
bb. Rectrices usually 16, the lateral ones narrower; axillars and proximal under 
wing-coverts broadly and regularly barred with dusky; sides and flanks more 
broadly barred with dusky. (North America, migrating southward.) 
Gallinago delicata (p. 171). 
GALLINAGO MEDIA (Latham). 
DOUBLE SNIPE. 
Much heavier than @. gallinago and G. delicata, with larger legs and 
feet (exposed culmen shorter than middle toe without claw), tibia 
feathered nearly to the tibio-tarsal joint, and under parts much more 
extensively and heavily barred with dusky. 
Adults (sexes alike) —Pileum with a narrow median stripe of pale 
buff and two much broader lateral stripes of sooty black, more or 
less streaked (narrowly) with pale buffy brown or cinnamon, these 
dark lateral stripes becoming much narrower on forehead; a very 
broad superciliary stripe of pale buff or dull buffy whitish, involving 
sides of forehead and extending to sides of nape, this pale stripe more 
or less flecked, minutely, with dusky; nape and hindneck deeper 
buff, broadly streaked with dusky, the rest of head and neck pale 
buff, rather sparsely streaked or flecked with dusky and relieved by 
a more or less ‘‘solid” loral stripe of dusky, extending from lateral 
base of maxilla to anterior angle of eye, and an oblique stripe or 
@ How many species are referable to this genus as properly restricted can not be 
stated until the limits of the genus are accurately determined. 
40017—19—Bull. 50, pt S——12 
