178 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 
extending for about half the length of basal phalanx of middle toe, 
the web between inner and middle toes very small. 
Coloration.—A broad band across upper tail-coverts, axillars, 
under wing-coverts, tips of greater wing-coverts (broadly) and basal 
portion of secondaries, proximal primaries, and lateral rectrices, 
immaculate white, the rest of tail black; summer adults with head, 
neck, and chest for the greater part cinnamomeous. 
Range.—Northern Europe and Asia, migrating to Abyssinia, India, 
Australia, etc. (Monotypic.) 
KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF LIMOSA LIMOSA. 
a. Larger (wing 197-225, exposed culmen 86-124, tarsus 77-92); white at base of 
proximal primaries, secondaries, and lateral rectrices more extensive; summer 
adults with under parts more extensively barred, the under tail-coverts usually 
immaculate white and the cinnamon of chest without bars. (Europe and 
western Siberia, south in migration to northern Africa, etc.)......-..--..-.- 
Limosa limosa limosa (p. 178). 
aa. Smaller (wing 184-195, exposed culmen 73-91.5, tarsus 61-65); white at base of 
proximal primaries, secondaries, and lateral rectrices more restricted; summer 
adults with under parts more heavily barred, the under tail-coverts usually 
heavily barred or spotted and the chest barred with dusky. (Eastern Siberia, 
etc., migrating to India, Australia, etc.)........-.. Limosa limosa melanuroides 
(extralimital).¢ 
LIMOSA LIMOSA LIMOSA (Linneus). 
BLACK-TAILED GODWIT. 
Adult male in summer.—Head, neck, and chest cinnamon, the first 
two streaked the last barred with dusky; rest of under parts white, 
the breast and sides (sometimes abdomen and under tail-coverts 
also) barred with dusky; back and scapulars mixed black, cinnamon, 
and grayish; wing-coverts brownish gray, the greater coverts 
broadly tipped with white, forming a broad bar or transverse patch; 
secondaries also partly white; primaries dusky, the fifth to seventh 
(counting from outside) white at base, forming a second white patch 
on the closed wing; rump, longer upper tail-coverts, and greater part 
of tail blackish or dusky; upper tail-coverts (except terminal half of 
the longer ones) and basal portion of tail immaculate white, this 
increasing in extent on lateral rectrices, where occupying greater 
part of outer pair; axillars and under wing-coverts immaculate 
white; bill pale brownish or dull yellowish (in dried skins) with 
@ Limosa melanuroides Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1846, 84 (Port Essington, 
Australia); Birds Australia, vi, 1846, pl. 28 and text.—Limosa zxgocephala 
melanuroides Dybowski and Taczanowski, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, ix, 1884, 146; 
Stejneger, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 29, 1885, 316, 338 (Kamchatka).—Totanus 
melanurus melanuroides Seebohm, Hist. Brit. Birds, iii, 1885, 163.—Limosa limosa 
melanuroides Stejneger, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., x, July 2, 1887, 131 (Bering Island).— 
Limosa brevipes (not of Gray, 1844) Schlegel, Mus. Pays-Bas, v, no. 27 (Scolopaces), 
1864, 21.—Limosa melanura brevipes Campbell, Ibis, 1892, 246 (Korea). 
