BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 233 
Adult female.—Wing, 155-176 (166.3); tail, 57-65.5 (62.3); ex- 
posed culmen, 32-38 (36.3); tarsus, 29.5-33 (31.5); middle toe, 
20-22.5 (21.6). 
Breeding in circumpolar regions (Ellesmere Land; Grinnell Land; 
near Fort Conger, lat. 81° 44’; Melville Island; Melville Peninsula; 
Smith Sound; Greenland; Iceland; Taimyr Peninsula in Siberia, and 
probably New Siberian Islands); migrating southward (mostly along 
seacoasts) to southern Africa, India, Australia, New Zealand, and 
southern South America, as far as Peru (Santa Lucia) and Tierra del 
Fuego (Cape Espiritu Santo); in West Indies recorded only from 
Jamaica, Barbados, and Grenada; comparatively rare in interior of 
North America and along Pacific coast. 
[Tringa] canutus Linnaus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, i, 1758, 149 (Sweden; ex Fauna 
Suecica, 150, Ray, 108); ed. 12, i, 1766, 251.—Gmetuin, Syst. Nat., i, pt. ii, 
1789, 679.—Laruam, Index Orn., ii, 1790, 738.—TurTon, Syst. Nat., i, 1806, 
409.—PELzELN, Orn. Bras., 1870, 457.—Gray, Hand-list, iii, 1871, 48, no. 
10300.—Cours, Key N. Am. Birds, 1872, 257.—Scuater and Satvin, Nom. 
Av. Neotr.,.1873, 145.—Cory, List Birds West Ind., revised ed., 1886, 26 
(Jamaica?).—SuHarre, Hand-list, i, 1899, 164.—Forsrs and Rosinson, Bull. 
Liverp. Mus., ii, no. 2, 1899, 73 (Iceland; England; Shanghai, China). 
Tringa canutus Leacu, Syst. Cat. Mam., etc., Brit. Mus., 1816, 29.—FLremine, 
Brit. Anim., 1828 109.—Jarpinz, ed. Wilson’s Am. Orn., ii, 1832, 335, 
pl. 57, fig. 5—Jenyns, Man. Brit. Vertebr., 1835, 213.—Bonaparte, Geog. 
< Fourteen specimens. 
Ex- e 
Locality. Wing. | Tail. | posed | Tarsus. Middle 
culmen, ad 
MALES, 
Ten adult males from coast of Virginia.................2----0-+ 161 61.3 34.3 30.8 21.4 
Four adult males from Alaska...........2..2..ceeceeceeeeeeees 163 63.4 33.5 31.1 21.5 
One adult male from Mackenzie (Fort Simpson).... oe 174 65.5 35 34 23.5 
One adult male from France........... Donepenuruiereigeaiemttistis 164 65 34.5 30.5 21 
One adult male from JapaD..........2......00 cece eee eee eeeee 165 61 31 30 21 
One adult male from China.........2......2.2eeeee cece cece eee 162.5 62.5 32 31 20 
FEMALES, 
Ten adult females from Atlantic coast U. S. (New Jersey to 
BOUGH Carolina) sacccinar sear cwiasmnmnnaiimminiciamdmewinmalsiat ines! 166 62. 8 36.2 31.4 21.7 
One adult female from Alaska (Point Barrow)................- 166 63 38 32 22 
One adult female from England.................2..22eeeeeeee> 163 62 - 32 30 20 
Two adult females from France..............-.00-0e0eeeeeeee ee 169.5 59.7 36.5 32. 2 21.5 
The material examined is insufficient so far as European and Asiatic specimens are 
concerned for determining whether the species requires subdivision. The few 
European specimens and one from China are not distinguishable from specimens 
from eastern North America; but one from Japan and all those from Alaska have the 
cinnamon color of the underparts much deeper, and were it not that the only two 
summer adults seen from Greenland (sex not determined) agree with these, the 
separation of the northwestern series might seem advisable. 
