BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 251 
brownish gray, the feathers margined with pale gray or grayish white 
and with a subterminal lunulate bar of dusky; upper tail-coverts 
white, broadly but rather sparsely barred with dusky; tail plain 
grayish brown, darker on middle pair of rectrices, the lateral rectrices 
narrowly margined terminally with whitish and with shafts white; 
anal region and under tail-coverts white, the latter sparsely barred 
or transversely spotted with dusky, both more or less tinged or inter- 
mixed with cinnamon-rufous; axillars and under wing-coverts 
(except along edge of wing) immaculate white; bill dusky, more 
brownish basally (where olive or olive-greenish in life); iris dark 
brown; legs and feet olivaceous (more or less dark) in life. 
Adult female in summer.—Similar to the adult male and perhaps 
not always distinguishable but usually with the chestnut-rufous or 
cinnamon-rufous of under parts somewhat paler, or more broken 
posteriorly with whitish. 
Winter plumage.—Head, neck, back, scapulars, and tertials plain 
brownish gray or grayish brown, with dusky shaft-streaks; super- 
ciliary stripe, upper tail-coverts, and under parts white, the chest 
indistinctly streaked with grayish; otherwise like summer adults. 
Young.—Scapulars and interscapulars dusky, the feathers edged 
with dull buffy or light ochraceous and margined terminally with 
whitish; lesser and middle wing-coverts margined terminally with 
dull buff; otherwise much like winter plumage, but chest and sides of 
breast washed with dull buff. 
Adult male.-—Wing, 120-130 (123.8); tail, 43.5-49 (47.2); exposed 
culmen, 33-38 (35.5); tarsus, 28-31 (29.4); middle toe, 19.5-21 (20).* 
Adult female.—Wing, .121-131 (127.2); tail, 46.5-50.5 (48.1); 
exposed culmen, 33-42 (87.9); tarsus, 27.5-32 (30); middle toe, 
18.5-20 (19.4).2 
Eastern Hemisphere; breeding in northern Greenland (Christian- 
shaab) ?, and Yenesei delta, Taimyr Peninsula, etc., northern Siberia; 
migrating southward to British Islands, Madeira, Canary Islands, 
southern Africa, Madagascar, Andaman Islands, India, Philippine 
Islands, Malay Archipelago, Australia, etc.; occasional in eastern 
North America (Nova Scotia; Toronto, Ontario; near Scarborough, 
Maine, Sept. 15, 1881; Calais, Maine; Oxford Co., Maine; Essex Co., 
Massachusetts; Ipswich, Massachusetts; East Boston, Massachusetts, 
May, 1876; Barnegat Bay, Long Island, July 29, 1904; Shinnecock 
Bay, Long Island, May 24, 1883; Egg Harbor, Cape May, and Tucker- 
ton, New Jersey; etc.) and in northern Alaska (Point Barrow, June 6, 
1883); accidental in Grenada and Carriacou, Lesser Antilles, and in 
Patagonia. 
[Tringa] ferruginea Brtnnicu, Orn. Bor., 1764, 53 (Iceland and Christiansoé 
Island).—Harrert, Novit. Zool., viii, 1901, 306 (Canary Islands). 
a Five specimens (none from America). 
