BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 257 
Range.—Northern Hemisphere (more southerly in migration). 
(Monotypic.) 
KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF PELIDNA ALPINA. 
a. Averaging smaller, with relatively shorter bill and tarsus (wing 104-114, averaging, 
107.4, in male, 103-117, averaging 110.9, in female; exposed culmen 26-31, 
averaging 28.6, in male, 26.5-36.5, averaging 32.5, in female; tarsus 21-24, 
averaging 23.1, in male, 22-25, averaging 23.5, in female); coloration duller, the 
summer adult with dorsal region variegated with black and dull ochraceous 
or buffy, and blackish of abdomen not in abrupt contrast with speckled or other- 
wise variegated dull grayish of breast. (Europe and western Asia; southern 
Greenland; casual on west shore of Hudson Bay.) Pelidna alpina alpina (p. 257). 
aa. Averaging larger, with relatively longer bill and tarsus (wing 108.5-125.5, averaging 
115.9, in male, 114-125, averaging 177.4, in female; exposed culmen 31-41, 
averaging 35.6, in male, 34-42, averaging 38.3, in female; tarsus 23-28, averaging 
25.2, in male, 25-27, averaging 26, in female); coloration brighter, summer 
adults with dorsal region bright orange-cinnamon variegated with black, the 
black of abdomen abruptly contrasted with the nearly immaculate grayish 
white of breast. (North America and northeastern Asia.) 
Pelidna alpina sakhalina (p. 262). 
PELIDNA ALPINA ALPINA (Linnzus.) 
DUNLIN. 
Adults in summer (sexes alike).—Pileum streaked with wood brown 
and dusky (the latter usually predominating); hindneck dull grayish 
white, tinged with wood brown and streaked with dusky; scapulars 
and interscapulars black centrally, broadly margined with cinnamon 
or cinnamon-brown, the cinnamomeous margins broadest on scapulars, 
the black predominating on interscapulars; wing-coverts brownish 
gray, narrowly but distinctly margined with grayish white, the 
greater coverts tipped with white; primary coverts and remiges 
dusky, the secondaries narrowly tipped, or terminally margined, with 
white, the proximal primaries edged with white basally; rump 
grayish brown, the feathers with indistinct narrow shaft-streaks of 
dusky and very indistinct, narrow, paler terminal margins; median 
upper tail-coverts dark grayish brown or dusky, the lateral coverts 
immaculate white; middle pair of rectrices dusky, edged on distal 
portion of outer webs with paler; rest of tail pale brownish gray, the 
rectrices narrowly edged with white or grayish white; sides of head 
and neck dull grayish white narrowly streaked with dusky, the sub- 
orbital and auricular regions tinged with brown; chin, throat, fore- 
neck, chest, and breast dull white streaked (except on chin and 
extreme upper throat) with dusky, the streaks becoming gradually 
larger and more sharply defined on chest and breast, where some- 
times spot-like; abdomen more or less clouded with dull black, this 
often forming a large, well-defined area, broken only by narrow whit- 
ish tips to some of the feathers; sides, flanks, and under tail-coverts 
40017—19—Bull. 50, pt 8——18 
