BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 3381 
or fuscous-black intermixed with brownish gray and spotted along 
edges with grayish white or pale gray, the tertials blackish with 
oblique spots of pale gray (passing externally into white) along edges; 
lower back and rump dusky brownish gray, the feathers more or less 
distinctly tipped with pale gray or whitish and with an indistinct 
subterminal bar of dusky; upper tail-coverts white, the more pos- 
terior ones distinctly barred with dusky, the anterior ones with fewer 
and more irregular markings; four middle rectrices brownish gray, 
spotted along edges with dusky (the gray interspaces becoming 
whitish on edges), the remaining rectrices white (tinged with gray on 
distal portion of outer webs), barred (rather broadly) with dusky; 
anterior lesser wing-coverts dark brownish gray narrowly margined 
with paler; middle and greater coverts mixed brownish gray and 
blackish (the latter in form of irregular, sometime large and conspicu- 
ous, spots) and spotted, more or less with pale gray or grayish white; 
secondaries brownish gray, edged, or spotted along edges, with 
white; primary coverts and primaries dark fuscous or fuscous-black, 
the three or four innermost (proximal) primaries paler and more 
grayish, narrowly margined terminally with whitish and sometimes 
spotted with whitish and dusky along edges; sides of head (including 
indistinct broad superciliary stripe) and neck and entire under parts 
white, the chin and upper throat (sometimes whole throat), abdomen, 
anal region, and median anterior under tail-coverts immaculate, the 
sides of head and neck and foreneck narrowly streaked with dusky, 
the chest and upper breast (sometimes whole breast) irregularly 
streaked and spotted (sometimes with a few irregular bars also), the 
sides, flanks, and lateral and posterior under tail-coverts barred (more 
or less irregularly) with dusky or blackish; axillars and under 
wing-coverts white, the former narrowly and irregularly barred with 
brownish gray, the latter with mostly V-shaped marks of dusky 
brownish gray, the under primary coverts barred with light gray, or 
with light gray predominating, margined terminally and barred along 
edges with white; inner webs of primaries light gray darkening dis- 
tally, the proximal portion finely mottled or freckled with whitish 
toward edges, this mottling becoming very distinct on proximal quills; 
bill blackish becoming more grayish, or dusky horn colored, basally ; 
iris dark brown; legs and feet yellow in life. 
Winter plumage—General color of upper parts light gray, the 
black markings of the summer plumage (but not the white spotting) 
being absent; foreneck and chest more narrowly streaked, breast 
nearly if not quite immaculate, and sides and flanks irregularly 
marked with grayish; otherwise as in summer. 
Young.—Similar to the winter plumage, but gray of upper parts 
darker and more brownish, the white spotting tinged with light 
brownish buffy. 
