BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 853 
pointed, the longest primary (outermost) exceeding distal secondaries 
by about one-half the length of wing; longest tertials with tips taper- 
ing, obtusely pointed. Tail much more than one-third as long as 
wing, truncate or slightly rounded, the rectices (12) rather broad, 
with rounded tips. Tarsus much less than one and a half (only 
about one and one-sixth) times as long as middle toe with claw, 
one-fourth as long as wing, scutellate anteriorly and posteriorly; 
bare portion of tibia about half as long as middle toe with claw, 
scutellate before and behind; lateral toes decidedly shorter than middle 
toe, the inner decidedly shorter than the outer; a small web between 
basal phalanges of outer and middle toes, but none between middle 
and outer toes. 
Coloration.—Deep brownish gray above, more or less flecked or 
dotted with white; tail barred with white and dusky (upper tail- 
coverts immaculate white in one species); under parts white, 
streaked with dusky or grayish on foreneck, etc. 
Range.—Northern Hemisphere. (Two species.) 
KEY TO THE SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF TRINGA. 
a. Upper tail-coverts white, nearly (sometimes quite) immaculate; middle rectrices 
broadly barred with white. (Northern Europe and Asia, migrating southward; 
accidental in Nova Scotia.).......--2.-.----+----6-- Tringa ocrophus (p. 353). 
aa, Upper tail-coverts dusky, barred with white; middle rectrices dusky, spotted 
along edges with white. (Tringa solitaria.) 
b. Summer adults with upper parts much more distinctly spotted with white; 
young with spotting on upper parts white or grayish white; white bars on tail 
averaging wider, the middle pair of rectrices never (?) wholly grayish brown. 
(Eastern North America; South America, etc., in winter.) 
Tringa solitaria solitaria (p. 358). 
bb. Summer adults with upper parts much less distinctly spotted with white; 
young with spotting of upper parts brownish buffy or cinnamomeous; white 
bars on tail averaging narrower, the middle pair of rectrices often (usually?) 
wholly deep grayish brown, (Western North America; Mexico, etc., in 
WILEY) ew ccoscicinincct ctu eeeeeemes Tringa solitaria cinnamomea (p. 363). 
TRINGA OCROPHUS Linnzus. 
GREEN SANDPIPER. 
Adults in summer (sexes alike).—Above deep grayish olive or deep 
grayish brown (nearest chetura drab), the pileum and hindneck 
streaked with grayish white, the scapulars, interscapulars, and 
tertials spotted with dull white, the proximal wing-coverts with 
much smaller spots of whitish; alula, primary coverts, and primaries 
plain dusky grayish brown (blackish fuscous or chetura black), 
including shafts, that of outermost primary, however, lighter brown; 
lower rump and upper tail-coverts immaculate white (the latter 
occasionally with a few dusky bars); tail mostly white, the outermost 
rectrices entirely white or white only one or two spots of dusky on, 
distal portion of outer web, the others barred distally with dusky 
40017—19—Bull. 50, pt 8——-24 
