BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 458 
1875, 395 (Cuba); Repert. Fisico-Nat. Cuba, i, 1866, 393 (Cuba).—Covugs and 
Prentiss, An. Rep. Smithson. Inst. for 1861 (1862), 419 (Washington, D. C., 
accidental).—ScuLecEL, Mus. Pays-Bas, vi, no. 24 (Sternae), 1864, 39.— 
Sciater, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1864, 199 (near City of Mexico).— 
Ltortaun, Ois. Trinidad, 1866, 534.—Dresser, Ibis, 1866, 45 (s. Texas).— 
CovsEs, Proc. Essex Inst., v, 1868, 309 (New England coast, formerly); Proc. 
Bost. Soc. N. H., xii, 1868, 127 (South Carolina); Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 
1871, 46 (Fort Macon, North Carolina); Check List, 1873, no. 507; 2nd ed., 
1882, no. 809; Birds Northwest, 1874, 715 (monogr.).—ScLaTErR and SaLvin, 
Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1871, 566 (monogr.)—Aturn, Bull. Mus. Comp. 
Zool., ii, 1871, 368 (e. Florida, winter)—Basey (H. B.), Bull. Nutt. Orn. 
Club, i, 1876, 28 (Cobb’s Island, Virginia, breeding).—Boucarp, Liste Ois. 
récol. Guat., 1878, 18 (Guatemala); Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1883, 462 (Yuca- 
tan).—Scorr, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, iv, 1879. 227 (Little Egg Harbor, 
Brigantine Beach, and Long Beach, New Jersey, breeding).—BreweEr, 
Proc. Bost..Soc. N. H., xx, 1879, 276 (Woods Hole, Massachusetts, 1 spec., 
Aug. 19, 1879).—Ripeway, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., iii, 1880, 206 (Cat. N. 
Am. Birds, no. 656); Nom. N. Am. Birds, 1881, no. 656.—Purpis, Bull. 
Nutt. Orn. Club, vii, 1882, 125 (Cape Cod, Massachusetts, in 1605; breeding 
on Muskegat Island, Massachusetts up to 1832).—Barrp, Brewer, and 
Rineway, Water Birds N. Am., i, 1884, 192—Loomis, Auk, ii, 1885, 193 
(Chester, South Carolina, 1 spec., Sept. 10, 1882, after storm).—Satvin, Ibis, 
1886, 180 (Brit. Guiana).—Cory, Cat. West Ind. Birds, 1892, 83 (Cuba; St. 
Croix).—Cuapman, Bull. Am. Mus. N. H., vi, 1894, 84 (Trinidad).—Saun- 
pers, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, no. xxv, 1895, p. xxv (crit.); Cat. Birds Brit. 
Mus., xxv, 1896, 153, part (Tampico, Tamaulipas, Feb.; Rio Lagarto and Pro- 
greso, Yucatan, June; Cozumel Island, Feb.; etc. veep spec. from Acapam, 
Guatemala). —SAuvin and GopMaAN, Biol. Contr. -Am., Aves, iii, 1903, 416, 
part (Matamoros Lagoon and Tampico, Tamaulipas; City of Mexico?; Guana: 
juato?; Rio Lagarto, Progreso, and Cozumel Island, Yucatan; Los Sabalos, 
Nicaragua?; Trinidad; West Indies).—Rztser, Denkschr. Mat.-Nat. Kl. K. 
Ak. Wiss. Wien, lxxvi, 1910, 98 (Rio Sao Francisco and Ilha Grande, n. e. 
Brazil). 
R{hynchops] nigra Cours, Key N. Am. Birds, 2nd ed., 1884, 772. 
Rhijnchops nigra TEMMINCK, Cat, Syst., 1807, 181. 
Rhyncops nigra Sonnint, Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat., iii, 1816, 337.—Gunp.Lacu, 
Journ. fiir Orn., 1862, 180 (Cuba). 
[Rhyncops] nigra GuNDLACH, Journ. fiir Orn., 1861, 348 (Cuba). 
Rhincops nigra Bonaparte, Ann. Lyc. N. Y., ii, 1828, 352.—Nurrat, Man. Orn. 
U.S. and Can., Water Birds, 1834, 264.—Aupuzon, Birds Am., fol., iv, 1838, 
pl. 323. | 
R[hincops] nigra Bonaparte, Obs. Nomencl. Wilson’s Am. Orn., 1826, [207]. 
[Rynchops] fulva Linnzvs, Syst. Nat., ed 10, i, 1758, 138 (Guiana; based on Ryng- 
chopsalia fulva, rostro nigro, Barraro, “ay, 10’’).—Gmetin, Syst. Nat., i, pt. ii, 
1789, 611. 
[Rhynchops nigra] B. Lariam, Index Orn., ii, 1790, 803 (=R. fulva Linnzus). 
R[hyncops] borealis Swarnson, Anim. in Menag,, 1838, 340 (new name for “niger 
Auct. aoe 
RYNCHOPS NiGRA INTERCEDENS (Saunders). 
SOUTHERN SKIMMER. | 
Similar to R. n. nigra, but averaging much larger, white of under 
wing-coverts usually tinged with pale brownish gray (at least the more 
