BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 469 
Coasts of tropical and warm-temperate America and west coast of 
Africa; breeding northward to coast of Virginia (Cobbs Island) and 
along Gulf coast of United States, from Florida to Texas (Padre 
Island; Galveston Bay); no certain record of breeding on Pacific 
coast; casual northward (as straggler) to Pennsylvania (Chester 
County), coast of New Jersey, Massachusetts (Nantucket Island, 
July 1, 1874), Michigan (Mackinac Island)’ and Wisconsin;® on 
Pacific side northward to Tomales Bay, California (said to have 
formerly bred on San Miguél Island), and southward to Peru (Payta, 
Jan.; Tumbez; Santa Lucia); on Atlantic side occurs throughout 
West Indies, on Trinidad and islands of Curacao, Aruba, and Bonaire, 
and along coast of South America as far as southern Brazil (Rio de 
Janeiro, July; Santa Catarina, Aug.; Rio Parahyba; Sado Paulo; 
TIguapé, Séo Paulo; Sapituba) and Argentina (estuary of Rio de la 
Plata; Tuyd, March); also occurs in winter along Atlantic coast of 
Africa, from Morocco (Tangier) to Angola. 
Sterna maxima Boppazrt, Tabl. Pl. Enl., 1783, 58, no. 988 (Cayenne; based on 
Hirondelle de Mer, de Cayenne Daubenton, Pl. Enl., ix, pl. 988).—ScuaTeR 
and Satviy, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1871, 567 (monogr.).—LAWRENCE, 
Mem. Bost. Soc. N. H., ii, 1874, 318 (Mazatlan, Sinaloa); Proc. U. 8. Nat. 
Mus., i, 1878, 198 (St. Vincent); i, 1879, 242 (Barbuda), 277 (Grenada, breed- 
ing), 462 (Guadeloupe), 488 (Antigua) —SaunpeErs, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 
1876, 655 (monogr.); 1882, 521 (Payta, Peru, Jan.; crit.); Cat. Birds Brit. 
Mus., xxv, 1896, 80 (Cape Roni, Gambia, Accra, and Cape Coast Castle, w. 
Africa; Rancho Nuevo, Vera Cruz, Jan.; Rio Lagarto, Yucatan, June; Cozu- 
mel Island, Feb.; Belize and Glovers Reef, Brit. Honduras, May; Honduras; 
Anegada, Dec.; Grenada, Sept.; Surinam; Brazil, April; Rio de Janeiro, 
July; Santa Catarina, Aug.; Mazatlan, Aug.; Manzanillo, Colima, June; 
Chiapam, Guatemala, Jan.; Payta, Peru, Jan.; Jamaica; etc.) —RrICHENOW, 
Journ. fiir Orn., 1877, 10 (Loango coast, w. Africa).—TaczanowskI, Proc. 
Zool. Soc. Lond., 1877, 749 (Tumbez, Peru). —Mesrritt (J. C.), Proc. U. 8. 
Nat. Mus., i, 1878, 172 (Padre Island, Texas, breeding).—Bocages, Orn. 
Angola, 1881, 509.—Satvin, Cat. Strickland Coll., 1882, 624.—Couzs, Check 
List, 2d ed., 1882, no. 794.—Boucarp, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1883, 462 
(Yucatan).—Batirp, Brewer, and Ripeway, Water Birds N. Am., ii, 1884, 
284.—Ripaway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vii, 1884, 173 (Trinidad); vii, 1885, 
173 (St. Thomas).—Cory, Birds Haiti and San Dom., 1885, 178; Auk, v, 
1888, 76 (West Indian references); vii, 1890, 374 (Anegada); Birds West Ind., 
1889, 277; Cat. West Ind. Birds, 1892, 82, 135 (Great Bahama, Biminis, Berry 
Islands, Eleuthera, New Providence, Andros, Cat Island, and Inagua, 
Bahamas; Cuba; Isle of Pines; Jamaica; Haiti; Porto Rico; Anegada; St. 
Croix; Sombrero; Barbados; Antigua; Guadeloupe; St. Vincent; Grenada).— 
‘AMERICAN OrnitTHoLoaists’ Union, Check List, 1886, and 2d ed., 1895, 
no. 65; 3rd ed., 1910, p. 48.—Evermann, Auk, iii, 1886, 89 (Ventura Co., 
California, resident).—FERRARI-PEREZ, Proc. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., ix, 1886, 
@ Recorded by H. H. Bailey (Auk, xxiii, 1906, 277) as breeding on Isabella Island, 
Tepic; but as no specimens were obtained it seems probable that T. elegans, which is 
known to occur on that island, was mistaken for T. maximus. 
b These records perhaps erroneous identification of Hydroprogne caspia. 
