BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 529 
Young.—Forehead and anterior half (more or less) of lores (some- 
times superciliary region also), sides of head and neck, and entire 
under parts immaculate white; crown, occiput, and nape nearly 
uniform dusky, or grayish white spotted or streaked with dusky; 
general color of upper parts light bluish gray, the hindneck clouded 
with dusky brown (the feathers white beneath surface), the scapulars 
broadly dusky subterminally and margined terminally with cinna- 
mon or cinnamon-buffy, the proximal wing-coverts sometimes with 
indistinct transverse spots of dusky brownish; otherwise as in adults, 
but bill dusky or dark brownish. 
Downy young.—‘Down at the base of the bill black, forehead 
ruddy fawn-color; upper part paler fawn, mottled and streaked with 
black; under parts white, except the throat, which is sooty black for 
a few days.’ % 
Adult male.—Wing, 221-249 (231.5); tail, 80-88 (84.7); exposed 
culmen, 28-30 (29); tarsus, 19-22 (20.7); middle toe, 18.5-20.5 (19.7).° 
Adult female.—Wing, 219; tail, 83; exposed culmen, 25.5; tarsus, 
21.5; middle toe, 20.° 
Southwestern, central, and southern Europe, eastward to China; 
southward over Africa, India, Malay Archipelago, etc., to Australia; 
accidental in Barbados, Lesser Antilles. 
Sterna leucopareia Temminck, Man. d’Orn., ed. 2, ii, 1820, 746 (Hungary; ex 
Natterer, manuscript); iv. 1840, 463.—Mrver, Taschenb., iii, 1822. 189.— 
Borg, Isis, 1822, 563.—Breum, Beitr. Végelk., iii, 1822, 674; Lehrb., 1824, 
694.—Werner, Atlas, Palmipédes, 1828, pls. 10, 11.—Savi, Orn. Tosc., iii, 
1831, 92.—Goup, Birds Europe, v, 1837, pl. 424 and text.—Naumann, Vog. 
Deutschl., x, 1840, 168, pl. 255.—Scuinz, Europ. Faun., 1840, 374.—Crxs- 
pon, Faun. Mérid., ii, 1844, 118 (breeding in August)—ScuieceL, Rev. 
Crit., 1844, p. cxxxi.—Rurrrn, Syst. Ueb., 1845, 1389 (Lower Egypt).— 
@ Saunders, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xxv, 1896, 14. 
5 Four specimens. 
¢ One specimen. 
F r ., |Exposed Middle 
Locality. Wing. | Tail. culmen. Tarsus. toe. 
MALES, 
Two adult males from Europe.....-.-....-.20+eeeeseeeeeceeeee 239.5 82.5 29.5 21 20 
Two adult males from British East Africa (August).........-- 223.5 87 (28) 20. 5 19.5 
Two adult males from northern India (Kashmir) (H. 1. indiea),,| 226.2 84.5 29. 2 20.5 185 
Two adult males from Philippines (Mindanao, May) (d. 1. 
GUTIOEE) msccacclartaeswoineieesoareeicibries oaedalsing ecemiaisieieenmrcmerien 219.5 76.2 30.5 21.5 19.7 
FEMALES, 
One adult female from Egypt..............--cecenen seen enone 219 83 25.5 21.5 20 
One adult female from Kashmir (H. 1. indica)......-....-..--- 215 81 28 19 18 
Oneadult female from northern China (Tientsin) (H. 2. swin- 
DOE) cawapemenncemganwauciucunr animacnnomnmaiess Sadana stan 219.5 81 27.5 20 - 18.5 
Three adult females from Philippines (Manila Harbor, May) 
(HL 1. swinhoei).... 222.202 eee eee eee ee eee cece eee eens 217 81.5 27.7) 19.8 18.5 
40017—19—Bull. 50, pt 3——35 
