580 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 
Plagophila] eburnea Gray, Gen. Birds, iii, 1846, 654.—Covzs, Key N. Am. Birds, 
2d ed., 1884, 749. 
[Pagophila] eburnea Bonaparte, Naumannia, 1854, 212; Compt. Rend., xlii, 1856; 
771._SHarre, Hand-list, i, 1899, 143. —Forses and Bonsndow: Bull. 
Liverp. Mus., ii, no. 2, 1899, 58 (Melville Island; Wellington Channel, 
Spitzbergen). 
[Larus (Pagophila)] eburneus Bruca, Journ. fiir Orn., 1853, 106; 1855, 286 (monogr.) 
[Pagophila] eburneus BoNAPARTE, Consp. AV., ii, 1857, 230. 
Larus (Pagophila) eburneus Heveuin, Journ. fiir Orn., 1872, 125 (Arctic Europe).— 
Covss, Birds Northwest, 1874, 648. 
Cetosparactes eburneus Macaituivray, Man. Brit. Orn., pt. ii, 1842, 252; Brit. 
Birds, v, 1852, 508. 
Larus candidus Miter, Prodromus Zool. Danm., 1776, p. viii (Greenland).— 
Fasricivs, Fauna Groenlandica, 1780, 103.—FLemine, Brit. Anim., 1828, 142. 
Larus niveus Bopparrt, Tabl. Pl. Enl., 1783, 58 (based on Gotland blanc du 
Spitzbergen Daubenton, Pl. Enl., pl. 994).—Manrmorran and Vian, Bull. Soc. 
Zool. France, 1879, 249 (Crotoy, France). 
Gavia nivea BreuM, Vog. Deutschl., 1831, 766. 
[Pagophila] nivea Bonavarte, Compt. Rend., xlii, 1856, 771. 
[Pagophila] niveus Bonaparte, Consp. Av., ii, 1857, 230: 
Larus cyanorhinchus Temmincx, Cat. Syst., 1807, 186, 187 (new name for Larus 
eburneus ‘‘Lath[am]’’). 
Larus brachytarsus H6OLBout, Fauna Grénl., 1846, 52. 
L{arus] brachytarsus H6teot, Naturhist. Tidsskr., iv, 1848, 422 (Greenland). 
Larus (Pagophila) brachytarsus Bruce, Journ. fiir Orn., 1853, 106. 
Pagophila brachytarsus Cougs, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862, 309 (monogr.). 
[Pagophila] brachytarsa REINHARDT (J.), Journ. fiir Orn., 1854, 443 (Greenland). 
? Pagophila brachytarsa Retnnarvt (J.), Ibis, 1861, 18 (Greenland; crit.). 
[Larus (Pagophila)] brachytarsus Brucx, Journ. fiir Orn., 1855, 287 (monogr.). 
Pagophila brachytarsa Bonaparte, Naumannia, 1854, 212. 
Pagophila brachytarst LAWRENCE, in Baird, Rep. Pacific R. R. Surv., ix, 1858, 
856.—Bairp, Cat. N. Am. Birds, 1859, no. 677. 
Genus LARUS Linneus. 
Larus Linnaus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, i, 1758, 136. (Type, as designated by 
Gray, 1840, Larus glaucus Linneus=L. hyperboreus Gunnerus.) 
Lencus Kaur, Natiirl. Syst., 1829, 84. (Type, as designated by Gray, 1855, 
Larus marinus Linneeus.) 
Leucus (emendation) Gray, App. List Gen. Birds, 1842, 15. 
Laroides Breum, Isis, 1830, 993. (Type, as designated by Gray, 1840, Larus 
major Brehm=Larus argentatus Pontoppidan. ) 
Plautus (not of Gunnerus, 1761, nor Briinnich, 1771) Rercwenpacn, Av. Syst. 
Nat., Longip., 1852, p. 2; Nat. Syst. Vég., 1852 (1853), p. v. (Type, by 
monotypy, Larus glaucus Briinnich=L. hyperboreus Gunnerus.) 
Glaucus (not of Forster, 1800) Brucx, Journ. fiir Orn., 1853, 101. (Type, by 
tautonymy, Larus glaucus Briinnich=L. hyperboreus Gunnerus.) 
Dominicanus Brucu, Journ. fiir Orn., 1853, 100. (Type, by tautonymy, Larus 
dominicanus Lichtenstein.) 
Gavina BoNAPARTE, Naumannia, 1854, 212. (Type, Larus audowinit Payreau- 
deau.) 
Clupeilarus Bonaparte, Consp. Gen. Av., ii, 1857, 220. (Type, Larus fuscus 
Linneus.) ' 
Einalia Herne, in Heine and Reichenow, Nom. Mus. Hein. Orn., 1890, 358. 
(New name for Laroides Brehm, on grounds of purism.) 
@ Elvaduos, of the sea. (Richmond.) 
