* 
BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 635 
[Larus] canus var. brachyrkynchus Cours, Key N. Am. Birds, 1872, 313. 
Larus canus ... var. brachyrhynchus Cours, Check List, 1873, no. 549. 
[Larus canus.] Var. brachyrhynchus Couns, Birds Northwest, 1874, 639 (descr., 
range, etc.) 
[Larus canus var. brachyrhynchus] c. brachyrhynchus Cougs, Birds Northwest, 1874, 
639, (synonymy). 
Larus suckleyi Lawrence, Ann, Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y., vi, 1857 (pub. Feb., 1858?), 
264 (Puget Sound; coll. U. S. Nat. Mus.;=young); in Baird, Rep. Pacific 
R. RB. Surv., ix, 1858, 848.—Barrp, Cat. N. Am. Birds, 1859, no. 665.—CooPER 
and Suck.ey, Rep. Pacific R. R. Surv., xii, pt. ii, 1860, 274, (Puget Sound).— 
ScHLEGEL, Mus. Pays-Bas, vi, no. 23 (Lari), 1863, 27, part. , 
?Larus suckleyt Buastius, Journ. fiir Orn., 1865, 381 (crit.). 
Rissa septentronahs Lawrencz, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y., vi, 1857 (pub. 
Feb., 1858?), 265 (‘‘Puget Sound”’ i. e., Bellingham Bay, Washington; coll. 
U.S, Nat. Mus.;=adult); in Baird, Rep. Pacific BR. R. Surv., ix, 1858, 854.— 
Batrp, Cat. N. Am. Birds, 1859, no. 673.—Coorer and Suckey, Rep. Pacific 
R. R. Surv., xii, pt. ii, 1860, 277 (Bellingham Bay). 
Genus CHROICOCEPHALUS Eyton. 
Chrotcocephalus Eyton, Cat. Brit. Birds, 1836, 53. (Type, Larus capistratus 
Temminck=L. riundee Linneus.) 
Chroicocephalus (emendation) WHARTON, Tiocliastat, 1878, 105. 
Kroicocephalus (emendation) Jamzson, Journ, Asiat, Soc., viii, 1839, 243. 
Chroicephalus (emendation) RetcHenBacu, Av. ‘Syst. Nat., Longip., 1852, p. v. 
Chroecephalus (emendation) VERRILL, Proc. Essex Inst., iii, 1862, 159. 
Chroocephalus (emendation) ScuateR and Satvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1871, 
576 foot-note. ; 
Chroecocephalus (emendation) Hzinz and Reicnenow, Nom. Mus. Hein. Orn., 
1890, 358. 
Atricilla Bonaparte, Naumannia, 1854, 212. (Type, by tautonymy, Larus atricilla 
Linneus.) 
Cirrhocephala Bonaparte, Naumannia, 1854, 213. (Type, by tautonymy, Larus 
cirrhocephalus Vieillot.) 
Cirrocephalus (emendation) Brucg, Journ. fiir Orn., 1855, 288. 
Melanolarus Herne and Retcuenow, Nom. Mus. Hein. Orn., 1890, 359. (Type, 
by original designation, Larus franklini Swainson and Richardson.) 
Rather small to very small Laride (wing less than 350 mm.) with 
relatively small and slender bill, tarsus longer than middle toe with- 
out claw, and longer than exposed culmen; adults with head and 
upper neck gray (more or less dark, sometimes nearly black) or brown 
in summer, relieved by a white spot above eye and another below, or 
a white orbital ring, and longer primaries partly black; young with 
rump and upper tail-coverts immaculate white, and scapulars, inter- 
scapulars and wing-coverts grayish brown margined (but not barred, 
streaked, nor mottled) with whitish or buffy. 
Range. —Nearly cosmopolitan, but wanting from Aretic and 
Antarctic regions and Oceania. (About 12 species, 6 of them peculiar 
to America, 1 common to South America and Africa.) 
