BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 709 
phia, Dec., 1878).—Mavynarp, Birds E. N. Am., 1881, 499.—Szesonm, Ibis, 
1882, 383 (Kola Peninsula, Russia).—NAuz, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1882, 653 
(Franz Josef Land).—Samuets, Nests and Eggs N. Am. Birds, 1883, 570.— 
Rei, Bull. U. 8. Nat. Mus., no. 25, 1884, 278 (Bermudas, 1 spec., Jan. 28, 
1850).—Cottins, Rep. Com. Fisheries for 1882 (1884), 335 (Grand Banks, etc.; 
habits)—Saunpers, ed. Yarrell’s Brit. Birds, iv, 1885, 85; Man. Brit. 
Birds, 1889, 689.—Stater (H. H.) and Cartsr (T.), Ibis, 1886, 52 (Skaga- 
fjordr and Grimsey, Iceland; descr. eggs).—Gr6NDAL, Ornis, 1886, 367 (Ice- 
land); 1887, 594.—CrarKEe (W. E.), Zoologist, 1890 (Jan Meyen Land; 
habits); Ann. Scott. N. H., 1895, 97-108, pl. 3 (invasion of Scotland during 
winter of 1894-95); Ibis, 1898, 272 (Franz Josef Land, breeding; habits); 
1899, 50 (Whale Point Harbor, King Ludwig Islands, King Charles Islands, 
and Olga Straits, e. Spitzbergen, breeding),—Watrer, Journ. fiir Orn., 1890, 
248, 245, 247, 249, 251 (e. Spitzbergen).—Harrert, Ibis, 1892, 522 (e. Prus- 
sia).—Lurorp, Col. Figs. Brit. Birds, pt. xxiii, 1893.—ScnaLow, Journ. 
fiir Orn., 1895, 461 (w. Greenland).—Psarson, Ibis, 1896, 225 (Novaya 
Zemlya); 1898, 207 (Novaya Zemlya).—Trevor-Batrve, Ibis, 1897, 599 
(Spitzbergen; habits). 
M[ergulus] alle Krvseriine and Buasius, Wirb. Eur., 1840, pp. xcii, 237. 
[Mergulus] alle Cours, Key N. Am. Birds, 1872, 343. 
Mergulus alle ? Marrens, Journ. fiir Orn., 1859, 223 (Bermudas). 
Cephus alle Scu1nz, Nat. Abbild. Vég., 1833, 368, pl. 130. 
Cepphus alle Scuinz, Europ. Fauna, i, 1840, 358. 
Arctica alle Gray, List Birds Brit. Mus., pt. iii, Anseres, 1844, 157.— REINHARDT, 
Ibis, 1861, 16 (Greenland). 
A[retica] alle Gray, Gen. Birds, iii, 1848, 645. 
[Arctica] alle Gray, Hand-list, iii, 1871, 101, no. 10824. 
Alle alle Covzs, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, iv, Oct., 1879, 244, in text.—Barrp, 
Brewer, and Ripeway, Water Birds N. Am., ii, 1884, 463.—SresnNEGER, 
Stand. Nat. Hist., iv, 1885, 69.—AmeErican OrnirHotoaists’ Union, Check 
List, 1886, and 2d ed., 1895, no. 34; 3rd ed., 1910, p. 33.—CHAMBERLAIN, 
Auk, vi, 1889, 213 (Greenland) —WarreEN, Birds Penn., 1890, 10 (Perry Co.,. 
and Delaware River, near Philadelphia, winter) —Brown (E. J.), Auk, x, 
1893, 204 (Cobb’s Island, Virginia, winter 1892-93); xxix, 1912, 399 (Smish’s. 
Island, Virginia, Jan. 8, 1912).—Sronz, Birds E. Penn. and N. J., 1894, 42 
(coast New Jersey in winter).—Snarrz, Handb. Birds Great Brit., iv, 1897, 
127, pl. 109.—Granrt (0.), Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xxvi, 1898, 569.—CuapmMan, 
Bull. Am. Mus. N. H., xii, 1899, 223 (English Gulf, July; Parker Bay and 
“Cape York, Aug.; crit. as to coloration of young; habits)—Harrert and 
Grant, Novit. Zool., xii, 1905, 100 (Azores), —THayer, Auk, xxii, 1905, 310: 
(Currituck, North Carolina, Jan. 20, 1905) —Fizemine, Auk, xxiii, 1906, 442 
(Toronto, Nov. 18, 1901).—Warp (H. L.), Auk, xxv, 1908, 215 (Port Wash- 
ington, Wisconsin, Jan. 11, 1908)—Hanrzscn, Journ. fiir Orn., 1908, 317 
(Labrador).—Norron, Auk, xxviii, 1911, 481 (between Seal and Cross 
Islands, Maine, 1 pair, July 15, 1911)—Waynez, Auk, xxx, 1918, 429 (off 
Beaufort, South Carolina, Feb., 1909; Roanoke Island, North Carolina, to 
Beaufort, South Carolina, abundant in Jan., 1909). 
A[lle] alle Rpaway, Man. N, Am. Birds, 1887, 19. 
[Alle] alle Saarre, Hand-list, i, 1899, 130.—Forses and Rosinson, Bull. Liverp_ 
Mus., ii, no. 2, 1899, 51. 
[Alca] alce GuEtin, Syst. Nat., i, pt. ii, 1789, 554. 
[Alca alle] 8. Larnam, Index Orn., ii, 1790, 795 (based on Alca candida Briinnich). 
Plautus columbarius GuNNERUvs, Trondheimska Selsk. Skrifter, i, 1761, 263, pl. 6. 
Alca candida Brtwnicn, Orn. Bor., 1764, 26 (Greenland). 
