712 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 
Alca impennis Vieuiot, Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat., i, 1816, 381.—TEMMINCK, 
Man. d@’Orn., 2d ed., pt. ii, 1820, 939; pt. iv, 1840, 582.—Bore, Ieie, 
1822, 872.—Mzyer, App. to Meyer and Wolf’s Taschenb. Vég. Deutschl., 
1822, 176.—SrePHEns, Shaw’s Gen. Zool., xiii, pt. i, 1826, 51.—WERNER, 
Atlas, Palmipédes, 1828, 103.—Bonararte, Ann. Lyc. N. Y., ii, 1828 
(“Synopsis”), 432, footnote; Geog. and Comp. List, 1838, 66.—Scuinz, Nat, 
Abbild. Vég., 1833, 375, pl. 131; Nat. Vég., 1853, 223, pl. 103.—Nurrax, 
Man. Orn. U. 8. and Can., Water Birds, 1834, 553.—Tuomrson, Proc. Zool. 
Soc, Lond., 1835, 79 (Waterford, Ireland); Nat. Hist. Ireland, ili, 1851, 238. 
—Buytu, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1837, 122 (osteology).—Goutp, Birds 
Europe, v, 1837, pl. 400 and text; Birds Great Brit., v, 1873, pl. 46 and text. 
—AvupbvugBoN, Orn. Biog., iv, 1838, 316, pl. 341; Synopsis, 1839, 344; Birds 
Am., 8vo ed., vii, 1844, 245, pl. 465.—Scurnz, Europ. Faun., i, 1840, 363. 
—YAaRRELL, Brit. Birds, iii, 1843, 369—Naumann, Vég. Deutschl., xiii, 
1844, 630, pl. 337.—Gray, List Birds Brit. Mus., ili, Anseres, 1844, 153.— 
DEGLAND, Orn. Eur,, ii, 1849, 528.—RericHEenBacH, Natatores, 1850, pl. 5, 
figs. 14-17.—Macemiivray, Brit. Birds, v, 1852, 359.—KsaERBoLLine, 
Danm. Fugle, 1852, 414, pl. 53, fig. 2—Watters, Nat. Hist. Birds Ireland, 
18538, 230.—REINHARDT, Journ. fiir Orn., 1854, 442 (Greenland); Ibis, 1861, 
15 (Disko Island and coast of Greenland in winter).—CAssin, in Baird, Rep. 
Pacific R. R. Surv., ix, 1858, 900.—Barrp, Cat. N. Am. Birds, 1859, no. 710. 
—Newrton, Ibis, 1861, 374 (Iceland; geog. range); 1865, 116 (Caithness; 
osteol.); 1866, 223 (North America, old records); 1870, 256 (monogr.); 1878, 587 
(Orkney Islands).—ScHLEGEL, Mus. Pays-Bas, vi, no. 33 (Urinatores), 1867, 
13.—DereLanp and Gersz, Orn. Eur., ii, 1867, 614.—Dusors, Arch. Cosmol., 
1867, 30, pl. 3—Brown, Proc, Zool. Soc. Lond., 1868, 361 (Greenland?).— 
Coves, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1868, 15 (monogr.); Check List, 1873, 
no. 615; 2d ed., 1882, no. 878.—Famio, Bull. Soc. Orn. Suisse, ii, pt. i, 1868, 
5-85, pl. 1; pt. ii, 1870, 147-157.—Coxtuztr, Forh. Vid. Selsk. Christiania, 
1868, 193; Mitth. Orn. Ver. Wien, viii, 1884, 65, 87; Vid.-Selsk, Forh. for 1907, 
no. 8, 1-17, pls. 1, 2 (Norwegian records and history).—Branpr, Mélang. 
Biol., vii, 1869, 203.—Fripen, Ibis, 1869, 358 (descr. eggs).—Drostz, 
Journ. fiir Orn., 1869, 355 (Faroe Islands).—Fritscu, Nat. Vég. Europ., 
1870, 490; Atlas, 1871, pl. 59, figs. 8, 9—Orron, Am. Nat., iv, 1871 (Audu- 
bon’s spec. in coll. Mus. Vassar College).—Hartine, Handb. Brit. Birds, 
1872, 71 (11 British records).—Gray (R.), Birds West Scotland, 1871, 441.— 
GarrRop, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1873, 34, fig. 1 (skull).—Auten, Bull. Nutt. 
Orn. Club, i, 1876, 58 (remains found at Ipswich, Massachusetts).—DReEssER, 
Birds Europe, viii, 1880, 620.—Ripeway, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., iii, 1880, 211 
(Cat. N. Am. Birds, no. 741); Nom. N. Am. Birds, 1881, no. 741.—Cory, 
Beaut. and Curious Birds, 1881, pl. 5 and text.—Grizve, Journ. Linn. Soc., 
xvi, 1882, 479.—Buastus, Jahresb. Ver. Nat. Braunsch., iii, 1883, 89; 
Journ, ftir Orn., 1884, 58-176; Ver. f. Naturw. z. Braunsch., iii, 1881-2, 
89-115.—Drxon, Ibis, 1885, 90 (St. Kilda; habits)—Sunprvau, Svensk. 
Fogl., 1885, 994, pl. 80, fig. 2—Srxsoum, Hist. Brit. Birds, iii, 1885, 
371.—SaunpeErs, ed. Yarrell’s Brit. Birds, iv, 1885, 61; Illustr. Man. Brit. 
Birds, 1889, 681.—Tscuust and Dauta-Torre, Ornis, 1887, 342 (Austria- 
Hungary).—Gr6npau, Ornis, 1887, 598.—Lucas, Rep. U. S. Nat. Mus., 
1887-8, 493, pls. 71-73 (Funk Island; osteology); 1888-9, 709.—LiLForD, 
Col. Figs. Brit. Birds, pt. xviii, 1891—Scrater, Ibis, 1891, 281; 1892, 453. 
—BrinweE11, Ibis, 1894, 297 (descr. eggs). ; 
Allca] impennis Keyseruine and Buastus, Wirb. Eur., 1840, pp. xci, 236.— 
Hérzowt, Naturhist. Tidsskr., iv, 1848, 457 (Greenland).—Gray, Gen. 
Birds, iii, 1847, 6837.—Covzs, Key N. Am. Birds, 2d ed., 1884, 819. 
