BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 723 
Birds Europe, v, 1837, pl. 396 and text; Birds Great Brit., v, pl. 48, front 
fig., and text.—Bonarartg, Geog. and Comp. List, 1838, 65.—Scuinz, Eur. 
Faun., i, 1840, 360.—Yarre.t, Brit. Birds, iii, 1843, 348.—Gray, List Birds 
Brit. Mus., pt. iii, Anseres, 1844, 156.—Dz Kay, Zool. N. Y., ii, 1844, 279.— 
Deeuanp, Orn. Eur., ii, 1849, 511.—Rzicuensacu, Natatores, 1850, pl. 8, 
figs. 32-36.—TuHompson, Nat. Hist. Ireland, iii, 1851, 207 —KsaERBOLLING, 
Danm. Fugle, 1852, 408, pl. 52, fig. 4—Macerbiivray, Brit. Birds, v, 1852, 
318.—Warters, Nat. Hist. Birds Ireland, 1853, 226.—Reinuarpt, Ibis, 1861, 
16 (Greenland).—Morge, Ibis, 1865, 449 (Great Britain) —Drcatanp and 
GERBE, Orn. Eur., ii, 1867, 598.—Smitu, Ibis, 1868, 457 (Portugal).—Co..etr, 
Forh. Vid. Selsk. Christiania, 1868, 192.—Branpt, Mélang. Biol., vii, 1869, 
205.—Drosts, Journ. fiir Orn., 1869, 350 (Faroe Islands; habits) —Gray 
(R.), Birds West Scotland, 1871, 420.—Hartine, Handb. Birds Great Brit., 
1872, 74.—IrBy, Orn. Straits Gibralt., 1875, 218; 2d ed., 1895, 304; Ibis, 1883, 
190 (Santander, Spain).—Pautmin, Journ. fiir Orn., 1876, 65 (Finland).— 
MayrnarD, Birds E. N. Am., 1881, 500.—Cottins, Rep. Com. Fisheries for 
1882 (1883), 334 (Grand Banks, off Newfoundland, etc., habits).—CHamMBER- 
LAIN, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, viii, 1883, 9 (New Brunswick).—Bairp,, 
Brewer, and Rinaway, Water Birds N. Am., ii, 1884, 477.—Drxon, Ibis,. 
1885, 89 (St. Kilda)—Saunprrs, ed. Yarrell’s Brit. Birds, iv, 1885, 605: 
Illustr. Man. Brit. Birds, 1889, 683.—SuNnpDEVaLL, Svensk. Fogl., iii, 1885, 
1103, pl. 52, fig. 4.—Ltrxen, Ornis, 1885, 143; 1886, 97 (Denmark).—Grén- 
DAL, Ornis, 1886, 367 (Iceland)—AMERICAN ORNITHOLOGISTS’ UNION, 
Check List, 1886, and 2d ed., 1895, no. 30.—Bootu, Rough Notes, iii, pt. 
xiv, 1887, 2 pls.—BisHopr, Auk, vi, 1889, 145 (Magdalen Islands).—Litrorp;. 
Col. Figs. Brit. Birds, pt. xxi, 1892.—Buaae, Ibis, 1893, 358 (Shetland: 
Islands).—SHarpe, Handb. Birds Great Brit., iv, 1897, 114, pl. 106.—Grant,,. 
Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xxvi, 1898, 573, part.—Fiemine, Auk, xxiii; 1906, 452 
(no valid Great Lakes record!). ; : 
U[ria] trotle Gray, Gen. Birds, iii, 1848, 645.—Ripeway, Man. N. Am. Birds, 
1887, 18. 
[ Uria troile] a. troile Barrp, Brewer, and Ripaway, Water Birds N. Am., ii, 
1884, 476. . 
Uria troile troile ScHatow, Vogel der Arktis, 1904, 126 (synonymy, range, etc.).— 
Hanrzscu, Journ. fiir Orn., 1908, 315 (Labrador). 
Uria (Lomvia) troile Branpt, Bull. Sci. Ac. St. Petersb., ii, 1837, 345. 
Alca troile MatMGREN, Journ. fiir Orn., 1865, 265 (crit.).—Dresser, Birds Europe, 
viii, 1877, 567, pl. 621, rear fig—Nrwron, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1877, 2 
(descr. variety).—SrEBoum, Hist. Brit. Birds, iii, 1885, 388. : 
Lomvia troile Cougs, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1868, 75 (monoer.); Check List, 
1873, no. 634, part; 2d ed., 1882, no. 874.—Barrows, Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H., 
xix, 1877, 160 (monogr.).—Ripaway, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., iii, 1880, 212 
(Cat. N. Am. Birds, no. 763); Nom. N. Am. Birds, 1881, no. 763.—Mrxriam, 
Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, vii, 1882, 241 (Point de Monts, Quebec, in winter; 
sometimes very numerous).—BreEwsteER, Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H., xxii, 1883, 
409 (Bird Rocks and Perroquet Island, Gulf of St. Lawrence, breeding; . 
habits)—STrearns and Cougs, New Engl. Bird Life, ii, 1883, 397.—Sanva- 
porl, Ucc. Ital., 1887, 297.—T arr, Ibis, 1887, 399 (Berlenga Island, Portugal, 
breeding).—GieLioui, Avif. Ital., i, 1889, 659.—Evans, Ibis, 1891, 83 (length 
of incubation, 30-33 days).—PEarson and BipwE 1, Ibis, 1894, 237 (Hjemsé, 
n. Norway). 
[Lomvia] troile Couns, Key N. Am. Birds, 1872, 346, part. 
L[omvia] troile Cours, Key N. Am. Birds, 2d ed., 1884, 816. 
Catarractes troile VeRRILL, Proc. Essex Inst., iii, 1862, 160 (breeding about Bay of 
Fundy). , 
[Colymbus] minor Gustin, Syst. Nat., i, pt. ii, 1789, 585, part (England). 
