BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA, 745 
Bay),—B1axkiston and Pryrer, Ibis, 1878, 211 (Yezo, Japan); Trans. Asiat. 
Soc. Japan, x, 1882, 90 (Yezo, Japan).—Ripeway, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., 
iii, 1880, 212 (Cat. N. Am. Birds, no. 762); Nom. N. Am. Birds, 1881, no. 
762.—Biaxiston, Amend. List Birds Japan, 1884, 32.—Grant, Cat. Birds 
Brit. Mus., xxvi, 1898, 588 (Hakodate and Uraga, Hondo, Japan). 
[Uria] carbo Gray, Hand-list, iii, 1871, 101, no. 10819.—Covrs, Key N. Am. 
Birds, 1872, 345.—Forses and Rosinson, Bull. Liverp. Mus., ii, no. 2, 
1899, 52. 
U[ria] carbo Gray, Gen. Birds, iii, 1848, 645.—Couzs, Key N. Am. Birds, 2d ed., 
1884, 815. 
Alca carbo ScHLEGEL, Mus. Pays-Bas, vi, no. 33, Urinatores, 1867, 17.—SEE- 
BOHM, Birds Japanese Emp., 1890, 274 (Hakodate; Uraga, near Yokohama). 
[Pseudurta] carbo SHarre, Hand-list, i, 1899, 181. 
Genus BRACHYRAMPHUS Brandt. 
Brachyramphus BRANDT, Bull. Sci. Acad. Imp. St. Petersb., ii, 1837, 346. (Type, 
as designated by Gray, 1840, Colymbus marmoratus Gmelin.) 
Brachyrhamphus (emendation) Brawnopt, Isis, 1837, 502. 
Apobapton Branpt, Bull. Sci. Acad. Imp. St. Petersb., ii, 1837, 346. (Type, 
Colymbus marmoratus Gmelin.) 
Anobapton (emendation) Bonaparte, Compt. Rend., xlii, 1856, 774. 
Small Alcide (wing 112-143 mm.) with bill small and narrow, 
the exposed culmen not longer (usually shorter) than tarsus; nostril 
broadly oval, pyriform or triangular, near anterior end of the mostly 
feathered ‘nasal fossa, tarsus much shorter than middle toe without 
claw, recticulate in front, and with 14 rectrices. 
Bill small and narrow, the exposed culmen never longer (usually 
shorter) than tarsus, its greatest depth little if any more (usually 
much, less than) half the length of exposed culmen, and decidedly 
greater than its width at latero-frontal antie; culmen regularly 
(sometimes rather strongly) convex from near base; gonys decidedly 
to much shorter than distance from anterior end of nasal fossa to 
tip of maxilla, nearly straight, ascending terminally, its basal angle 
more or less prominent; maxillary tomium faintly convex proxi- 
mally, faintly concave distally, distinctly notched subterminally; 
mandibular tomium nearly straight, distinctly notched near tip; 
nostril broadly oval, pyriform or triangular, in anterior portion of 
nasal fossa, in contact posteriorly and for posterior half of upper 
margin with loral or latero-frontal feathering, the latter very 
slightly if at all divided or indented at base of culmen; mandibular 
rami mostly if not wholly feathered except along upper margin. 
Wing small, with longest primary (outermost) equal to slightly 
more than half the length of wing. Tail about one-fourth as long 
as wing (or very slightly more), slightly rounded, the rectrices 
relatively broad, 14 in number. Tarsus much shorter than middle 
toe without claw (only as long as first two phalanges of middle toe, 
or even slightly shorter), the acrotarsium reticulate; outer toe 
