746 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 
(without claw) as long as middle toe, the inner about as long as 
first two phalanges of middle toe. 
Plumage and coloration—No ornamental plumes on head. In 
breeding plumage, upper parts (except wings and tail dusky, every- 
where barred, spotted, or streaked with buff or rusty, the under 
parts barred or mottled with white and dusky; in winter, upper 
parts without buff or rusty, the under parts and collar round hind- 
neck immaculate white; young much like winter plumage but under 
parts transversely mottled with dusky and white collar less distinct. 
Range.—Coasts and islands of northern Pacific Ocean, south in 
winter to California and Japan. (Three species.) 
KEY TO THE SPECIES OF BRACHYRAMPHUS. 
a, Exposed culmen as long as or longer than tarsus; secondaries and lateral rectrices 
wholly dusky; summer adults with upper parts barred or transversely spotted 
with buff or rusty. 
b. Exposed culmen not longer than tarsus; summer adults with back, scapulars, 
rump, and upper tail-coverts barred with rusty, and under parts with sooty 
brown predominating; wing 112-129; exposed culmen, 13.5-16.5. (Pacific 
coast of North America, from Unalaska to southern California.) 
Brachyramphus marmoratus (p. 746). 
bb. Exposed culmen decidedly longer than tarsus; summer adults with pileum, 
hindneck, back, scapulars, rump, and upper tail-coverts barred or trans- 
versely spotted with buff, and under parts with white predominating (except 
posteriorly); wing, 134-143; exposed culmen, 18.5-21.5. (Japan to Sea of 
Okotsk and coast of Kamchatka.)..... Brachyramphus perdix (extralimital).¢ 
aa, Exposed culmen much shorter than tarsus; secondaries (especially inner webs) 
tipped with white and lateral rectrices mostly white; summer adults with 
upper parts streaked or longitudinally spotted with buff. (Glacier Bay, Alaska, 
through Aleutian Islands, to northern Japan.) 
Brachyramphus brevirostris (p. 749). 
BRACHYRAMPHUS MARMORATUS (Gmelin). 
MARBLED MURRELET. 
Adults in breeding plumage (sexes alike).—Upper parts dark sooty 
brown (dark fuscous), the interscapulars, scapulars, feathers of 
rump, and upper tail-coverts tipped with deep rusty (sayal brown to 
verona brown), producing broad bars; ° under parts with feathers 
@ Cepphus perdiz Pallas, Zoogr. Rosso-Asiat., ii, 1826, 351, pl. 80 (Sea of Okotsk).— 
Brachyramphus perdix Stejneger, Zeitschr. Ges. Orn., iii, 1886, 213, pl. 7 (Kamchatka; 
crit.); Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., xxi, 1898, 278 (Kuril Islands).—Brachyrhamphus perdix 
Grant, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xxvi, 1898, 592 (Hakodate; Kuril Islands).—Brachyramp- 
hus kitilitzi Swinhoe, Ibis, 1875, 458 (Kakodate, Japan; crit.); Seebohm, Ibis, 1884, 
174 (Hakodate; crit.); Blakiston and Pryer, Ibis, 1878, 210 (Hakodate).—Brachy- 
rhamphus wrangeli (not of Brandt) Seebohm, Ibis, 1884, 31 (Hakodate; crit.).— 
(?) Brachyrhamphus marmoratus (not of Brandt?) Nelson, Cruise ‘Corwin’ in 1881 
(1883), 116, part (Siberian coast Bering Sea). 
>In midsummer, owing to abrasion of the feathers, the rusty tips disappear and the 
upper parts thus become nearly uniformly dusky. 
