CONTENTS. 



the soutli-west monsoon, sowing in May, 64 ; 3rd, Intermediate re- 

 gions nnder both the north-east and souti-west monsoons, 65 ; Cot- 

 ton cultivation under both monsoons, sowing in July, 65 ; Large ex- 

 periment in early sowing throughout the Cotton Districts in the 

 Madras Presidency, 66 ; First Result : India not too hot, but too 

 cold, 66 ; Theory confirmed by a comparison of the temperature of 

 Madras with that of Vera Cruz, Mobile, and Natchez, 67 ; Rising 

 temperature in America, but diminishing temperature in India 

 during the growing season, 68 ; Second Result : Camatic not too 

 dry, confirmed by a comparison of mean rain fall, 68 ; Two raethods 

 of cultivating American Cotton in India : adaptation of seasons, 

 and artificial irrigation, 69 ; Experiments in irrigation, securing a 

 rising temperature to the growing plant, 70 ; Pive practical sug- 

 gestions, 70 ; 1st, Choice of soil, 71 ; 3nd, Preparation of the land 

 for the seed, 71 ; 3rd, Ploughing and hoeing during the growing 

 season, 71 ; 4th, Distance between the rows, 72 ; 5th, Treatment 

 of the plant as an annual and rotation of crops, 72 ; Profitable culti- 

 vation of American Cotton throughout the Peninsula, 72. 



Plans for extending the American Cotton Culture amongst the Ryots, 

 1845-49, 73 ; Court of Directors order 6000 bales of East India Cot- 

 ton, 1845, 73 ; Proposition for reducingthe assessment of lands under 

 American Cotton cultivation, 74; Marquis of Tweeddaleiiifavourof 

 the remission, 75 ; Court of Directors decide agaiust the remission, 

 75 ; Failure of the purchase system as regarded American Cotton,1848, 

 76 ; Contemplated establishment of a number of small Farms, 77. 



CHAPTER IV. 



POUfl, TBABS OP EXPBEIMENTAL CULTTJBE UNDBB. MR. PINNIE IN 

 TINNEVELLY, 1845 TO 1849. 



Labours of Mr. Finnie and Dr. Wight compared, 80 ; First season, 

 1845-46 : Mr. Finnie's first impressions of Tinnevelly, 81 ; Sug- 

 gestion, that by acting as a Cotton Agent, he could induce the Ryots 

 to adopt the new culture, 82 ; An Agency would also increase the 

 profits of both Ryots and Merchants, and double the exports, 82 ; 

 Nothing however would induce the Ryots to adopt the American 

 saw gin, 83 : The thresher recommended, 84 ; Three points m the 

 career of Mr. Finnie : the New Orleans Cotton, the Agency, and 

 the sw gin, 85; Cultivation of Cotton: tour to Courtallum under 

 both monsoons, June, 1846, 85 ; Necessity for co-operation ot the 

 Natives : employment of hired labour by the European always a 



• loss 85 ; First intercourse with the Ryots : allays fears and sus- 

 picions, 86; Explains the improved method of culture to the 

 Ryots 86 • Mr Finnie's tour from Courtallum to Coimbatore, July, 



