312 



INDEX 



132, 133, 134, 141, 154 ; O. vulgatum, 



133 ; 0. pendulum, 133 ; Fig. 34. 

 Orchid, Orchidaceae, 183, 188, 192, 



194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 234, 254, 255, 



276, 277, Figs. 47, 57. 

 Orchis spectabilis, 254, Fig. 67. 

 Oregon, 239. 

 Organ, 8, 10, 20, 21. 

 Organic substances, 3, 35, 36, 66, 80. 

 Oscillaria, 17, 35, Fig. 5. 

 Osmunda, Osmundaceae, 134, 138, 



139; 0. cinnamomea,13i; O.rega- 



lis, 134. 

 Ostrich fern {Onoclea struthiopteris), 



126, 129, Figs. 32, 33. 

 Ovary, 161, 177, 178, 179, 181, 189, 



191, 194, 206, 210, 211, 213, 215, 



218. 

 Ovule, 28, 159, 160, 161, 163, 165, 170, 



177, 178, 179, 181, 184, 185, 188, 206, 



208, 227, 293. 

 Oxalis, 210, Fig. 51. 

 Oxydendrum, 213, Fig. 52. 

 Oxygen, 2, 8, 11, 19, 21, 24, 25, 30. 



Pacific North America, 233, 234, 237. 



Pacific South America, 237. 



Palseo-botany, 13. 



Palseopteris, 223. 



Palajozolc formations, 222, 223, 224, 

 226. 



Palmetto, 187, 238. 



Palms, 187, 197, 198, 228, 230, 234, 

 238, 268. 



Pandanus, Pandanacese (see also 

 " Screw-pine "), 186, 198, 268. 



Pandorina, 41, Fig. 6. 



Papaveracese (Poppy family), 209. 



Papilionacese, 212. 



Pappus, 215. 



Paraphyses, 68. 



Parasites, 30, 80, 81, 82, 85, 88, 89, SO, 

 91, 93, 95, 97, 99, 183, 201, 203, 205, 

 278, 279, 297; Algfe, 85; animals, 

 88, 90; flovi'ering plants, 99, 278, 

 279; Fungi, 81, 82, 84, 87, 88, 91, 

 95; Lichens, 97; nutrition of, 297- 



Parsley family (Umhellilerae) , 211. 



Parthenogenesis, 75, 79, 83; Chara 

 crinita, 75; Red Algse, 75, 79; 

 Saprolegnia, 83. 



Passiflora, Passiflorinse (see " Pas- 

 sion-flower ") . 



Passion-flower, 212. 



Pea, 210, 212, Fig. 51. 



Pea family (see " LeguminossB," 

 " Papilionacese "). 



Peach, 87. 



Pear, 182, 211. 



Peat-mosses (Sphagnacese) , 63, 114, 

 115, Fig. 29. 



Pediastrum, 43, Fig. 7. 



Pelargonium, 250, 251, 252, Fig. 

 56. 



Penicillium (see also "Blue-mould"), 

 92. 



Pepper family (Piperineae),206,208, 

 217, 229, 244. 



Perianth (see also " Floral enve- 

 lope"), 190, 191, 196, 206, 219, 245. 



PeridineiE, 65, 76, Fig. 15. 



Peridinium divergens, 65, Fig. 15. 



Peristome, 29, 118, 283. 



Perithecium, 92. 



Periwinkle (Vinca), 216. 



Permian formations, 166, 221, 226, 

 227. 



Persimmon family (Diospyrinse) , 

 214. 



Petal, 161, 177, 179, 185, 186, 202, 205, 

 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 218, 

 247. 



Petaloideous Angiosp§rms (Dicoty- 

 ledons), 217; (Monocotyledons), 

 190, 197. 



Petiole, 201. 



Petunia, 213, Fig. 52. 



Phseophycese (Brown Algse) , 49, 64, 

 65, 66, 70, 78, 79, 263, 288; repro- 

 duction, 68, 288 ; structure, 67, 68, 

 69 ; Figs. 17, 18. 



Phalloidese, 242. 



Philodendron, 187. 



Phloem, 124. 



Phlox, 214, 238. 



Phosphorus, 2. 



