316 



INDEX 



AlgEB, 52, 53, 58, 60, 62, 63, 73; in 

 Archegoniates, 104, 105; in Fungi, 

 83, 84, 85 ; in Spermatophytes, 160. 



Shield-fern (Aspidium) , 135, Fig. 35. 



Shooting-star (Dodecatheon, 217, 

 Fig. 52. 



Siberia, 230. 



Sierra Nevada, 174, 205, 279. 



Sieve-tubes, 124. 



Sigillaria, 147, 226. 



Silene, 206, Fig. 49. 



Silurian formations, 174, 221, 222, 223. 



Simplest forms of life, 31, 284. 



Siphonese, 27, 56, 57, 58, 77, 79, 83, 

 99, 221, 222, 288; fossil S., 221, 222 ; 

 structure of , 56, 57, 58 ; Figs. 11, 12. 



Sleep movements, 24, 283. 



Slime-moulds (Mycetozoa) , 3, 24, 31, 

 32, 33, 37, 38, 45, Fig. 4. 



Smuts (Ustilaginese) , 95, 96. 



Snails, 249. 



Snow-plant {Sarcodes sanguinea), 

 205, 279. 



Solanumjasminoides, 278, Fig. 60. 



Sorrel-tree (Oxydendrum),.213, Fig. 

 52. 



Sorus, 135, 163, 164, Figs. 35, 40. 



South America, 231, 237, 239. 



Spadix, 185. 



Spanish moss ( Tillandsia usneoides) , 

 194, 238, 276. 



Sparganium, Sparganiacese, 186, 198. 



Spathe, 185, 186, 246, 247, Fig. 55. 



Speedwell (Veronica), 215, Fig. 53. 



Spermatophytes, Spermatophyta (see 

 also "Flowering plants," "Seed 

 plants"), 16, 20, 21, 155, 158, 159, 

 160, 164, 184, 292, 293; classifica- 

 tion, 161; fossil S., 226, 227, 228, 

 229; structure of, 158, 159, 160. 



Spermatozoid, 23, 27, 39, 41, 53, 54, 

 58, 62, 63, 69, 70, 73, 83, 103, 108, 

 119, 128, 129, 140, 144, 145, 146, 149, 



■ 150, 152, 155, 160, 163, 166, 169, 170, 

 175, 181, 285, 287, 289, Figs. 6, 14, 

 18, 26, 33, 38, 39, 40. 



Spermatium (of Red Algse), 73, 74, 

 75, Fig. 20. 



Sperm-cell, 103, 150, 160, 169, 181. 



Spermothamnium, 74, Fig. 20. 



Sphserocarpus, 109, Fig. 28. 



SphEerotheca, 91, Fig. 24. 



Sphagnum, Sphagnaceae (see also 

 " Peat-mosses "), 113, 114, 115, 116, 

 Fig. 29. 



Sphenophyllese, 225. 



Sphinx moths, 249. 



Spiderwort (Tradescantia) , 4, Fig. 1. 



Spines, 260, 261, 272. 



Spir^a, 210, Fig. 51. 



Spirillum rubntm, 35, Fig. 5. 



Spirogyra, 59, 60, 265, Fig. 13. 



Spirotsenia, 60. 



Sporangium, 32, 44, 67, 68, 72, 82, 86, 

 94, 125, 132, 133, 134, 135, 137, 140, 

 141, 143, 145, 146, 147, 149, 150, 158, 

 159, 178, 184, 223 ; Algae, 67, 68, 72 ; 

 Equisetum, 140; Eusporangiatse, 

 132, 1.33; Fungi, 82, 86; Lepto- 

 sporangiatce, 134, 135; Lycopods, 

 143 Pteridophytes, 125; Sperma- 

 tophytes, 158, 159. 



Spore, 7, 18, 28, 32, 33, 35, 36, 45, 53, 

 54, 63, 73, 75, 82, 83, 84, 87, 107 

 109, 110, 117, 125, 133, 135, 139, 

 140, 141, 145, 146, 158, 159, 160, 162, 

 163, 164, 165, 168, 169, 170, 174, 180, 

 203. 



Spore-fruit, Sporocarp, 72, 75, 77, 87, 

 90, 92, 93, 94, 95. 



Sporogenous tissue, 75, 105, 109, 110, 

 111, 112, 117, 125, 132, 133, 134, 135, 

 160, 168, 186, 293. 



Sporogonium (see also " Sporo- 

 phyte"), 108, 124. 



Sporophore, 90. 



Sporophyll, 132, 140, 141, 143, 146, 

 161, 163, 164, 165, 168, 169, 170, 177, 

 244, 293. 



Sporophyte, 55, 77, 105, 108, 109, 110, 

 111, 112, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 

 121, 122, 123, 125, 126, 129, 130, 131, 

 132, 137, 139, 140, 141, 146, 153, 154, 

 158, 162, 165, 167, 170, 171, 172, 289, 

 290, 291 ; of Ferns, 129, 130, 131 ; 

 of Liverworts, 108, 109, 110, 112, 

 115, 120, 129; of Mosses, 116, 117; 

 of Spermatophytes, 167, 182. 



