XXXVII 
SEQUEL TO “THE JUKES” 
HERE was recently published by the 
Carnegie Institution of Washington one of 
the most appalling documents in Man’s strangely 
mixed dossier—a continuation of the well-known 
“study in crime, pauperism, disease, and heredity ” 
which Mr. R. L. Dugdale completed in 1877 and 
entitled “The Jukes.” Mr. Dugdale was a quiet, 
reticent Englishman, resident in New York, who 
had a remarkable faith in political education, and 
was keenly interested in social problems. On an 
official visit to county jails in the State of New 
York, he was struck by finding in “Z” county 
six prisoners, under four family names, who were 
blood relations in some degree. He interested 
himself in the lineage and environment of these 
unfortunate people, and was able to study 709 
persons, 540 being of Juke blood, and 169 of “ X” 
blood who had married into the Juke family. He 
found that there had been 140 criminals and offen- 
ders, 60 habitual thieves, and so on, the degenerate 
lot of them costing the State in seventy-five years, 
beginning with 1800, far over a million dollars. 
What his work showed was that, given a bad he- 
reditary “nature” and a bad environmental “ nur- 
204 
