GLANDERS. 265 



precautions to prevent the entrance of extraneous organisms, 

 he took small particles of the grey translucent material 

 surrounding the caseous centres of some of the above 

 described • nodules from the liver, lung, spleen, and lym- 

 phatic glands of a glandered horse. These small particles 

 carefully broken down, were inoculated on fluid and solid 

 blood serum from the horse and from the sheep, and also 

 in broths made from the flesh of the dog, horse, fowl, 

 and ox, and even in various fruit and vegetable infu- 

 sions. For two days no indication of the presence of any 

 growth could be observed on any of these media, but on 

 the third day the fruit infusion became slightly turbid, and on 

 the gelatinized serum there appeared numerous small, clear, 

 transparent, yellow, slightly elevated drops, like drops of a 

 yellowish fluid that had been splashed on the surface of the 

 serum. In eight to ten days these became slightly cloudy or 

 milky.^ On examining one of these small drops under the 

 microscope it was found to consist entirely of masses of short, 

 rod-like bacilli, similar to those already described as present 

 in the glanders nodules, giving the same colour reactions, 

 being perfectly distinct in this respect from the tubercle 

 bacilli, which, as regards size and general appearance, they 

 very closely resemble. 



Similar bacilli were found in tlie fluid media, and were usually in 

 the form of pure cultures, that is, only this single kind of organism was 

 present. In some cases there were impurities, but these were so evident to 

 the naked eye that they could be detected at once, such impure cultivations 

 being thrown aside. 



The bacillus is usually straight or slightly curved, is 

 rounded at one end, and if any difference at all can be 

 observed between it and the tubercle bacillus, it is slightly 

 shorter and perhaps thicker than that organism, especially 



' In order to obtain growths on sterilized potatoes some of the nasal 

 discharge from a glandered horse should be mixed with from 100 to 10,000 

 parts of boiled distilled water, and a few drops of this mixture run over 

 the surface of the potato. Three days after inoculation there appear spots 

 of an amber-like growth; these points, as they increase in size, become 

 redder and more opaque, the colour deepening until it becomes like " copper 

 oxide." The manner of growth, according to Loffler, is quite characteristic; 

 there are only two which are at all like it, the bacillus of blue pus (the 

 growth of which has a yellowish-brown tinge on potato but none of the 

 amber transparency and a peculiar pearly iridescence), and the cholera 

 bacillus. 



