i3 



APPENDIX. 435 



Bacillus tuberculosis grows on blood serum at 37° C, see p. 206. 



Bacillus septicus sputigenus (Diplococcus Pneumonia). — Forms a- 

 transparent layer on the surface of blood serum 1 difficult to obtain a growth 

 of this organism in gelatine plates, as it requires about 20 per cent, of 

 gelatine to keep it solid at 24° C. ; it then grows very slowly as small, 

 rounded, sharply defined, slightly granular, whitish colonies ; is an oval or 

 coccus-like bacillus, resembling the pneumonia bacillus ; the short rods are 

 frequently joined together in chains of five or six links : are usually taken 

 from the sputa of cases of lung disease, from the rusty-coloured sputum of 

 pneumonic patients, from severe cases of empysemia, and from the fluid from 

 cases of cerebro-spinal meningitis ; they have a kind of capsule, similar to 

 that met with round the pneumonia bacillus ; this capsule never makes its 

 appearance in cultivations ; mice, guinea-pigs, and rabbits die in 24 to 48 

 hours after inoculation with this organism, when the blood is found to 

 contain a large number of the encapsuled bacilli. 



The other organisms belonging to this group may be cultivated at a 

 somewhat lower temperature, viz. : 



(3) Bacillus mallei (or Glanders bacillus^, see p. 264. 



(4) Bacillus diphtherice [or Klebs-Loffler bacillus), see p. 299. 



(5) Bacillus saprogenes. — Under this name Rosenbach describes three 

 separate bacilli : 



No. I. — Obtained from offensive secretions and from the white casts 

 taken from the recesses of the mucous membrane of the wall of the pharynx ; 

 grows slowly on the surface of agar-agar as a dirty grey opaque line along 

 the track of the needle ; it is, however, slightly transparent when held up 

 to the light ; forms a growth of considerable thickness, and an opaque, 

 tenacious, viscid consistence ; later this surface assumes an almost shell- 

 like look ; causes putrefaction of albuminous substances, and gives rise to 

 a very offensive odour ; for this, however, it apparently requires the presence 

 of oxygen ; is a somewhat large bacillus, in which end spores may fre- 

 quently be seen ; apparently non-pathogenic. 



No. 2. — Obtained from the foul-smelling sweat of the feet ; grows much 

 more rapidly than No. I as a delicate superficial transparent growth, which 

 gradually becomes whitish-grey and of a tough, gelatinous consistence ; is 

 also an aerobic organism, but it can give rise to its peculiar foul sweaty odour 

 even when oxygen is excluded ; is a bacillus thinner and shorter than No. I ; 

 when injected into serous cavities of rabbits it sets up suppurative inflam- 

 mation. 



No. 3. — Obtained from cases of suppuration of bone in a patient suffer- 

 ing from septic poisoning ; grows moderately rapidly, the growth at the 

 temperature of the room taking about eight days to form an ash-grey, 

 almost fluid, semi-opaque layer, with wavy outlines ; is a short, thick bacillus, 

 with rounded ends. (Although it is aerobic, it gives rise to putrefactive 

 changes much more rapidly when growing ansrobically.) On injection 

 into a joint it induces a peculiar yellowish-green infiltration, with surround- 

 ing inflammation, giving off at the same time a very offensive putrefactive 

 smell. 



(6) Bacillus necrophorus. — P'ound by Lbffler when he inoculated small 

 particles of flat condylomata into the anterior chamber of the eye of a 

 rabbit. It does not grow on gelatine or agar-agar, and only very slowly 

 on blood serum, but in neutralized rabbit broth it forms a white flluffy 

 mass around the particles of the substance that has been implanted in the 



