88 FARM GRASSES OF THE UNITED STATES 
when cut at this late stage, an advantage for horses, 
but a disadvantage for cattle. The hay isricher when 
mixed with clover, but unless the clover is bright and 
green horsemen object to feeding it. Unfortunately, 
clover (the common red clover) ripens a week or more 
ahead of timothy, and is, therefore, liable to be more 
or less over-mature when the hay is cut. 
In general timothy hay is better for horses than it 
is for cattle, though when cut early, and especially 
when mixed with clover, it is excellent feed for cattle 
that are supplied with plenty of protein in their grain 
feed. As already stated, it is the demand for horse 
feed in the cities that fixes the price of hay in this 
country. Hence timothy is the standard, and fre- 
quently almost the only hay on our markets. In only 
two cases known to the author does any other hay lead 
timothy in favor with the horsemen. ‘hese are the 
bluestem (Agropyron occidentale) of Montana and 
southeastern Colorado, and South Park hay (/uncus 
balticus) in Denver, Colorado. Brome-grass hay is 
perhaps the equal of timothy hay for horses, but it is 
as yet hardly known on the markets. 
AS A PASTURE GRASS 
As previously stated, timothy meadows are fre- 
quently converted into pastures at the end of the second 
year, and frequently also the slight aftermath is pas- 
tured where hay is cut. It does not stand grazing as 
well as many other grasses. Outside of the limits of 
the timothy region proper, as in the Dakotas, in Ten- 
nessee, etc., the best authorities advise against pastur- 
ing it at all. 
