TWO PROMINENT SOUTHERN GRASSES I4I 
pleinent not found on many small farms. In plowing 
it is necessary to cut and turn over every inch of the 
land. By doing this it is entirely possible to plow a 
Johnson grass meadow in spring, harrow out the root- 
stocks, and make a good cultivated crop the same year; 
but it requires careful work, and a great deal of it, todo 
so. ‘The grass may be entirely eradicated in a single 
season if the farmer can spare the land and afford the 
necessary labor. The best way to do this is to plow 
the land with a turning-plow in the fall, selecting a 
time when the soil is mellow. Harrow out as many 
rootstocks as possible and remove them from the field. 
Then sow some winter grain, such as oats, barley, or 
rye. Wheat is too late in maturing. The grain should 
be cut for hay in the spring, and the land plowed again 
immediately and thoroughly harrowed, as in the fall 
previous. ‘Then every time the most forward bunches 
of grass reach four to six inches in hight, run over the 
land with a heel-scrape or any other implement that 
shaves off the surface of the soil. To be effective this 
shaving process must be so thorough that every sprig of 
grass iscut. If this is kept up till October every ves- 
tige of Johnson grass will be destroyed. It may come 
again from seed the next year, but the seedling plants 
may be killed, like any other weed, by thorough culti- 
vation. Care should be taken not to let any of them 
get large enough to send out rootstocks before destroy- 
ing them. Some badly infested farms have been freed 
from this pest by the above method. 
The usual practice is to take one field at a time for 
this treatment, taking several years to extend the work 
of eradication over the whole farm. With a rational 
